CH3 sec. 3.1 The Enlightenment

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 2

Memo havo 2 TTO

CH3 The age of wigs and revolutions

The French Revolution

sec. 3.1 The Enlightenment

Program

• Introduction
• Learning objectives
• Explanation 3.1.1
• Video and explanation 3.1.2
• Assignment 3.1.3
• Week task
• Evaluation

Learning objectives

• I can describe the society of estates in the Ancien Régime.
  
• I can explain how the Enlightenment was a new way of thinking.
  
• Using examples, I can explain how enlightened thinkers had new ideas about good government.

Three estates

France was a society of estates  
Place in society was determined by birth. 
Three estates:  

• 1st estate: clergy 
• 2nd estate: nobility   
• 3rd estate: rest of society (around 98%) 

 

Three estates

Clergy and nobility

• controlled Church, army and government
• owned a lot of land
• privileges (e.g. didn't have to pay taxes)

Ancien Régime = old government

Three estates

Big differences within 3rd estate:

• Rich citizens (merchants, lawyers, judges, bankers, etc).  Also called bourgeoisie.  

       - Paid taxes, no say in government.

• Crafspeople and shopkeepers
• Farmers and poor wage labourers

       - Poverty (taxes!)

Source question

1) What do we see?

2) Who do we see? 

3) What are they doing?

4) What is the message of the cartoonist? 

The Enlightenment

17th century scientific revolution

1650-1800 Enlightenment

• using logical and rational thinking to improve the world
• critical about Church, government and society
• education and debate important
• religious tolerance

Assignment 3.1.3

What? Read p113. Fill in the gaps.    Who? Alone and in quiet      Done? Week task

Help? Teacher (after 5 min.)               Time? 10 min.                     

basic questions

1) What are natural rights? Give two examples

from the text.

2) What idea did Rouseau have about government?

3) What idea did Montesquieu have about government?

4) How did European rulers respond to

the Enlightenment ideas?

advanced questions

1) What are natural rights? Think of two examples not mentioned in the text.

2) Why are the ideas of Rousseau considered

radical?

3) What does Trias Politica mean?

4) How did a public debate develop?

"We do pay taxes, but have no say in government. That is unfair! "
To which group does this statement belong?

1. Farmers
2. Wealthy citizens
3. Nobility
4. Clergy

Which sentences match the Ancien Régime?
1. The government should protect the natural rights of the people.
2. Rulers received their power from God.
3. Kings and ministers were given their power by the people.
4. There are estates and some of them enjoy privileges.

1. 1 and 2
2. 1 and 3
3. 2 and 3
4. 2 and 4

Which sentence or sentences about Enlightened thinkers are correct?
1 They felt that people should decide themselves what to believe.
2 They were against religious tolerance.
3 They believed there was a logical explanation for everything.
4 Before the Enlightenment, almost everyone believed that God no longer intervened in life.

1. 1 and 3
2. 4
3. 1, 3 and 4
4. 2 and 3

Which sentences match enlightened thinkers?
1. A king doesn't have to answer for his actions to anyone.
2. The power of the government should be divided among the government, parliament and judges.
3. The people, not the king, should hold all power.
4. The Church should have a say in government.

1. 1 and 2
2. 1 and 3
3. 2 and 3
4. 2 and 4

Why is Trias Politica important?

1. It prevents abuse of power.
2. More people are involved in government.
3. The king receives help in the administration.
4. It leads to more equality.

Program

• Introduction
• Learning objectives
• Explanation 3.1.1
• Video and explanation 3.1.2
• Assignment 3.1.3
• Week task
• Quiz
• Evaluation

Learning objectives

• I can describe the society of estates in the Ancien Régime.
  
• I can explain how the Enlightenment was a new way of thinking.
  
• Using examples, I can explain how enlightened thinkers had new ideas about good government.

Get to work

What? See whiteboard.

How? Alone 

Help? Ask neighbour. Can't figure it out? Ask teacher. 

Time? Until the end of the lesson. 

Done? Learn terms and dates. Ask teacher.