unit 22

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 5

speaking

Compare the two pictures.

• similarities
• differences  

   

Now listen. How do the views of the two people differ?                                                                                                   

 

cd 2 nr 19

vocabulary topic set- music

play = spelen

take part = deelnemen

participate = deelnemen

join in = meedoen

sing a solo = een solo zingen

musician = musicus

orchestra = orkest

conductor = dirigent

choir = koor

gig = optreden

rehearsal = repetitie

reading

Before you start reading: read the title and the first paragraph.

What do you think this article is about? (exercise 6)

• Skim the text to get an idea what it is about. (exercise 7)
• Underline content clues, linking words and reference words.  ( exercise 7)                                                           Now do exercise 8
  

discuss these questions in pairs

• Why are there so many tribute bands performing today?
• Can a cover version ever be better than the origial song?
• Would you pay to see a tribute band? Why? / Why not?
• Have music festivals become too commercial?
  

Concessive clauses 

Concessive clauses give contrasting information to the information in the main clause. 

Jane jumped into the pool despite not being able to swim. 

When the concessive clause refers to the subject of the main clause you can leave out the verb 

Although very curious, Jane managed not to say anything. 

Concessive clauses can start with a conjunction:

Although: 

despite the fact that:  

She walked home by herself, although she knew that it was dangerous. 

He decided to go, although I begged him not to. 

 but:  

He's rather shy, although he's not as bad as he used to be. 

She'll be coming tonight, although I don't know exactly when. 

 

Even if: 

used to say that iwhether something is the case or not, the result is the same:  

Even if you take a taxi, you'll still miss your train. 

 

even tough, much as and though

Even though:  

although:   

Even though he left school at 16, he still managed to become prime minister 

Much as: 

although:  

Much as I would like to help you, I'm afraid I'm simply too busy at the moment. 

 

Though: 

despite the fact that:  

She hasn't phoned, even though she said she would. 

but:  

They're coming next week, though I don't know which day. 

whereas and while

 

Whereas: 

compared with the fact that; but:  

He must be about 60, whereas his wife looks about 30. 

You eat a massive plate of food for lunch, whereas I have just a sandwich. 

 

While: 

despite the fact that; although:  

While I accept that he's not perfect in many respects, I do actually quite like the man. 

While I fully understand your point of view, I do also have some sympathy with Michael's. 

 

while

compared with the fact that; but:   

He gets £50,000 a year while I get a meagre £20,000!  

Tom is very extrovert and confident while Katy's shy and quiet.  

I do every single bit of housework while he just does the dishes now and again.  

  

Much as and whereas : not used very often. Formal written English 

The prepositions despite and in spite of are also used to introduce contrasting information. 

1. They cannot be followed by a main verb.  

Despite she was late, Jane had another cup of coffee. = wrong 

2. They can be followed by a noun or by a gerund.  

In spite of being late, Jane had another cup of coffee. 

Despite the time, Jane had another cup of coffee. 

3. You can add the fact that and follow this by a verb clause 

Despite the fact that she was late, Jane had another cup of coffee. 

despite and in spite of

Despite: 

without taking any notice of or being influenced by; not prevented by:  

I still enjoyed the week despite the weather. 

Despite repeated assurances that the product is safe, many people have stopped buying it. 

[+ -ing verb] He managed to eat a big lunch despite having eaten an enormous breakfast. 

 

In spite of: 

(used before one fact that makes another fact surprising) despite:  

In spite of his injury, Ricardo will play in Saturday's match. 

 

Complex sentences

If you want to draw attention to information you can put the information at the beginning of the sentence (= fronting). It helps the naturalness of a piece of writing and it improves the text’s cohesion.

as, because and since

As 

because:  

As it was getting late, I decided to book into a hotel. 

You can go first as you're the oldest. 

 

Because 

for the reason that:  

"Why did you do it?" "Because Carlos told me to". 

We can't go to Julia's party because we're going away that weekend. 

Just because I'm lending you my dress for tonight doesn't mean you can borrow it whenever you want to. 

 

Since 

because; as:  

Since we've got a few minutes to wait for the train, let's have a cup of coffee. 

Complex sentences: extra exercise

Combine these two sentences into one sentence. Use fronting.  

1. I'm going to the bank.  I need some money. 

2. He decided to trust Tim. He was an honest man. 

3. Jennifer decided to leave Tom. He was too worried about his job. 

4. Franklin wants to get a new job. He is preparing for job interviews. 

5. He's late for work. He took a taxi. 

6. I'll come over this afternoon. You need some help. 

7. The parents paid for extra lessons. The children were very gifted. 

8. Cultivate a positive attitude,. it enables you to enjoy life more 

 

key

1. I'm going to the bank.  I need some money. 

Because I need some money, I’m going to the bank.  

2. He decided to trust Tim. He was an honest man. 

As Tim was an honest man, He decided to trust him.  

3. Jennifer decided to leave Tom. He was too worried about his job. 

Since Tom was worried about his job, Jennifer decided to leave him.  

4. Franklin wants to get a new job. He is preparing for job interviews. 

Because Franklin wants to get a new job, he is preparing for job interviews.  

  

key

5. He's late for work. He took a taxi.  

Because he’s late for work, he took a taxi.6. I'll come over this afternoon. You need some help.  

As you need some help, I’ll come over this afternoon.   

7. The parents paid for extra lessons. The children were very gifted.  

Since the children were very gifted, the parents paid for extra lessons.   

8. Cultivate a positive attitude, because it enables you to enjoy life more  

Because it enables you to enjoy life more, cultivate a positive attitude 

Concessive Clauses:  extra exercise

Combine these two sentences into one sentence. Use the word in between brackets.  

1. The café was crowded. We found a table. (although)  

2. Lazar looked quite fresh. He had been playing squash. (even though) 

3. Eric studied very hard. He still didn’t pass the exam. (despite) 

4. John was very tired. John walked to the station. (in spite of) 

5. In Geneva, most people speak French. In Zurich people mainly speak German. (whereas) 

6. Susy is busy. I still think you should ask Susy. (even if)  

7. He was washing up the dishes. The front doorbell rang. (while) 

key

1. The café was crowded. We found a table. (although)  

Although the café was crowded, we found a table.  

2. Lazar looked quite fresh. He had been playing squash. (even though) 

Even though Lazar had been playing squash, he looked quite fresh.  

3. Eric studied very hard. He still didn’t pass the exam. (despite) 

Despite studying very hard, Eric still didn’t pass the exam.  

4. John was very tired. John walked to the station. (in spite of) 

In spite of being very tired, John walked to the station.  

5. In Geneva, most people speak French. In Zurich people mainly speak German. (whereas) 

Whereas most people in Geneva speak French, people in Zurich mainly speak German.  

6. Susy is busy. I still think you should ask Susy. (even if)  

Even if Susy is busy, I still think you should ask her.  

7. He was washing up the dishes. The front doorbell rang. (while) 

While he was washing up the dishes, the front doorbell rang.  

now do the exercises on pp144-145