Section 4.1.: types of exogenous forces & types of rocks
Section 4.2.: Weathering
Section 4.3.: Glaciers
Section 4.4.: Erosion by water (rivers and sea's)
Section 4.5.: sedimentation
Section 4.6.: Erosion by wind
1 / 48
next
Slide 1: Slide
AardrijkskundeMiddelbare schoolhavoLeerjaar 2
This lesson contains 48 slides, with text slides and 14 videos.
Items in this lesson
Chapter 4:
Shaping landscapes
Section 4.1.: types of exogenous forces & types of rocks
Section 4.2.: Weathering
Section 4.3.: Glaciers
Section 4.4.: Erosion by water (rivers and sea's)
Section 4.5.: sedimentation
Section 4.6.: Erosion by wind
Slide 1 - Slide
Section 4.1.:
Learning goals:
- Describe which forces helped to shape places like Yellowstone National Park;
- Explain the difference between weathering and erosion;
- Explain the differences between rocks.
Endogenous forces are forces that shape our planet from the inside (e.g. volcanoes, earthquakes).
Exogenous force or process changes our earth from outside.
Slide 2 - Slide
Three exogenous forces:
Weathering;
Erosion;
Deposition.
Write down the definition of these three exogenous forces;
Explain why the order on the left slide is logical.
Slide 3 - Slide
https:
Slide 4 - Link
Three types of rocks
Igneous rocks: volcanic rocks consits of solidified magma or lava (igneous means burning);
Sedimentary rocks: from loose sediment that because of pressure became rock;
Metamorphic rock: used to be a igneous or sedimentary rock but changed (=metamorphed) because of pressure into a metamorphic rock
Slide 5 - Slide
Igneous rock
Basalt
Granite
Slide 6 - Slide
Sedimentary rocks
Limestone
Sandstone
Slide 7 - Slide
Metamorphic Rocks
Slate
Gneiss
Slide 8 - Slide
Rock cycle
Because of heat and pressure the type of rock can change.
Slide 9 - Slide
https:
Slide 10 - Link
Section 4.2.:
Learning goals:
You will be able to:
Describe the three different types of weathering;
Explain which factors affect the weathering process;
Explain the effects of weathering on human activities.
When rocks are formed they will be break down in smaller fragments.
This breaking down onder influence of temperature, precipitation and/or vegetation is called weathering.
Slide 11 - Slide
Slide 12 - Video
Three types of weathering:
Physical weathering
Chemical weathering
Biological weathering.
Read the information on pages 84 and 85 of your textbook
Link the next statements with the type of weathering:
You need a lot of water;
Happens in warm climates;
Happens in cold climates;
The rocks only crumbles;
Not found in deserts;
Substance of the rock changes
Slide 13 - Slide
Peltier diagram
Slide 14 - Slide
Slide 15 - Video
Section 4.3. Glaciers
Learning goals:
Desbribe and name the different components of glaciers and their landscapes;
Explain how glaciers formed landscapes
VWO: explain how glaciers formed parts of the Netherlands
Make a wordlist with all the different components of a glacier.
Slide 16 - Slide
Slide 17 - Video
Slide 18 - Video
Slide 19 - Slide
When the ice is gone the U-shaped valley with its hanging valleys becomes visible
Slide 20 - Slide
Slide 21 - Slide
Ice in the Netherlands
Slide 22 - Slide
Slide 23 - Slide
Section 4.4. Water and waves
Learning goals:
1. Explain how the Grand Canyon was formed.
2. Compare and contrast erosion from rivers and the sea
3. Explain solutions to stop coastal erosion.
Watch the movie and explain in max 10 sentences in your own words how the Grand Canyon was formed.
Slide 24 - Slide
Slide 25 - Video
Slide 26 - Slide
Waterfalls
What do we need?
- Rocks with a different strength.
The overlaying harder rock doesn't erode as fast as the underlying softer rock.
Slide 27 - Slide
Slide 28 - Video
Slide 29 - Video
Slide 30 - Video
Slide 31 - Video
Swash and backwash
Slide 32 - Slide
Slide 33 - Video
Section 4.5. Sediment deposition
1. Explain how rivers form deltas;
2. Describe how the Mississippi delta landscape was affected by Hurricane Katrina;
3. Explain the Saffir-Simpson scale;
4. Explain what wetlands are and how they are formed;
5. Describe how the Dutch delta is protected from floodings.
If rivers flow through an area with less relief they will deposit the sediments and form a delta. Especially "flat" countries as the Netherlands are known for its deltas.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in a delta?
Slide 34 - Slide
Deposition
When the relief becomes less, the velocity of the river will be slower the river will deposit its sediments in the form a delta. The heavier the fragments the earlier the sediment will deposit, the lighter the later.
Order these sediments from heavy to light:
Sand, pebble, clay, gravel
Slide 35 - Slide
Slide 36 - Slide
Slide 37 - Slide
Slide 38 - Slide
Slide 39 - Video
Hurricanes
Especially low land areas located near the tropics have a high risk of dealing with hurricanes.
- What could happen to these areas?
- Why do hurricanes only form near the tropics?
- What is the difference between a hurricane, cyclone and typhoon?