Grammar Recap Unit 1

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Welcome VWO 3!

Grammar reap Unit 1

Present perfect vs. Present perfect Continuous

Past simple vs. Past continous vs. Present perfect

Who, whose, whom, which, that

Comparisons

PRESENT PERFECT

Gebruik Present Perfect:
1. iets is in het verleden begonnen en is nu nog aan de gang.
2. iets is in het verleden gebeurd en je merkt nu nog het resultaat.

Voorbeelden:

1. I have lived in New York for seven years now.

    Ik woon al zeven jaar in New York. --> in het verleden begonnen en nog steeds bezig.

2. I have painted the door.

     Ik heb de deur geschilderd. --> in het verleden gedaan en je merkt nu nog resultaat.

SIGNAALWOORDEN

• JUST - NET
• ALREADY - AL
• YET - AL (IN VRAAGZINNEN)
• NOT YET - NOG NIET
• ALWAYS - ALTIJD AL
• NEVER - NOOIT
• EVER - OOIT
• SINCE - SINDS
• FOR - (NU) AL
• (FOR) HOW LONG? - HOE LANG

Hoe vorm je de Present Perfect?

1. stam + ED
2. met het derde rijtje van de irregular verbs
3. stam + S bij he / she / it
4. met has / have + voltooid deelwoord

Welke woorden zijn signaalwoorden voor de Present Perfect?

1. never / ever / for / since
2. was / were / been
3. however / although / always
4. when / how / always

Welke zin staat in de Present Perfect?

1. My cat finally caught the mouse.
2. His cat hasn't caught a mouse since last year.
3. My dog never catches anything.
4. Did you get caught?

Welke zin staat in de Present Perfect?

1. She goes home at 8 o'clock.
2. He fell off his bike.
3. She has caught ten balls so far.
4. They worked all day yesterday.

Present perfect
Wanneer gebruik je de Present perfect?

1. Wanneer iets altijd, nooit of regelmatig gebeurt.
2. Wanneer iets nu bezig of aan de gang is.
3. Wanneer iets in het verleden is gebeurd.
4. Wanneer iets in het verleden is begonnen en nu nog bezig is.

De present perfect continuous gebruik je.....

1. bij acties die NU bezig zijn
2. wanneer iets al een tijd bezig is en je wil de tijdsduur benadrukken
3. om irritatie uit te drukken als iets lang duurt/telkens opnieuw gebeurt
4. als iets in het verleden is gebeurd, maar je hebt nu resultaat

Which is the present perfect continuous?

1. Lisa has been reading since 9 AM.
2. Lisa has read that book.

Hoe maak je de Present Perfect Continuous?

1. have/has+ voltooid deelwoord
2. have/has + been + werkwoord+ing
3. werkwoord + ing
4. werkwoord + ed

Choose the present perfect continuous form.

1. We are playing tennis.
2. We have played tennis.
3. We were playing tennis two hours ago.
4. We have been playing tennis.

Past Simple or Past Continuous or Present Perfect?

Who _____ (pay) for the tickets?

1. Past simple
2. Past continuous
3. Present Perfect

Present Perfect / Past Simple / Past Continuous

I ... (not - play) for three weeks now.

1. Present Perfect
2. Past Simple
3. Past Continuous

Present Perfect / Past Simple / Past Continuous

They ... (do) nothing so far.

1. Present Perfect
2. Past Simple
3. Past Continuous

past simple-past continuous - present perfect

The killer quickly ... away his gun when he ... the police.

1. put/saw
2. was putting/saw
3. put/was seeing

past simple-past continuous - present perfect

Bert ... a very nice girl when I ... him in 2009. They would later marry.

1. dated/met
2. was dating/met
3. dated/was meeting

Relative pronouns

WHO	Verwijzingen naar mensen.
WHICH	Verwijzingen naar dieren en dingen.
THAT	Mag in plaats van who of which als er GEEN komma in de zin staat. Staat er wel een komma, dan kan je geen that gebruiken.
WHOSE	Geeft aan van wie iets is, of waar iets bij hoort. Verwijzingen bij mensen, dieren en dingen.
Examples	The boy whose parents live in another country. That's the woman who/that helped me with the groceries. I like the song which/that is on the radio right now.

Which relative pronouns do we use for animals and "stuff"?

1. who and that
2. who and which
3. which and that
4. whose and who

Choose the correct relative pronoun:
That's the girl ______ had an bicycle accident.

1. which
2. who
3. that

Fill in the correct relative pronoun(s)
Marie Curie is the woman ____ discovered radium.

1. who
2. that
3. which

Choose the correct relative pronoun.
The camera, _____ costs £100, was stolen.

1. what
2. which
3. who
4. whose

Fill in the right relative pronoun.
The woman, __ lives next door, is very friendly.

1. which
2. whose
3. who
4. that

Choose the right relative pronoun:
Danny, _____ birthday is next week, is 10 years old

1. that
2. which
3. who
4. whose

Fill in the right relative pronoun.
The car __ caused the accident was blue

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

Choose the correct relative pronoun:
That's the girl ______ bike was stolen

1. which
2. who
3. whom
4. whose

Choose the correct relative pronoun:
This is the cat ______ followed me home

1. who
2. that
3. which

Which RELATIVE pronoun fits in?
I want to read the book___you gave me.

1. which, that , who
2. which, that
3. who, whose, whom

Recap Comparisons

Comparisons 

In het Nederlands noemen we ze trappen van vergelijkingen.

Gebruik: Om mensen of dingen te beschrijven

Je vergelijkt ze met elkaar. 

Comparative: Vergrotende trap

  Superlative: Overtreffende trap. 

C

B

A

Box A is small.

Box B is smaller than box A.

Box C is the smallest of all.

Comparisons 

Woorden van 1 lettergreep/syllable:

- Vergrotende trap: -er

- Overtreffende trap: -est

old

older

oldest

Comparisons 

Woorden van 3 lettergrepen of meer:

- Vergrotende trap: more 

- Overtreffende trap: most

expensive

more expensive

most expensive

Comparisons 

Woorden van 2 lettergrepen - eindigend op -le/-er/-ow/-y

- Vergrotende trap: -er

- Overtreffende trap: -est

Woorden van 2 lettergrepen - niet eindigend op -le/-er/-ow/-y

- Vergrotende trap: more

- Overtreffende trap: most

Welk rijtje is juist?

1. Good - Better - Best
2. Good - Gooder - Goodest
3. Beautiful - Beautifuler - Beautifulest
4. Small - More small - Most small

That group is _____ the other group.

1. the more serious
2. the most serious
3. more serious than
4. most serious than

Welk rijtje klopt niet?

1. nice - nicer - nicest
2. happy - happier - happiest
3. bad - badder - baddest
4. beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful

It is _____ to find good football players.

1. more difficult
2. difficulter
3. most difficult
4. difficultest

Adele is famous. Lady Gaga is _____,
Michael Jackson is _____!

1. more famous, the most famous
2. famouser, the most famous
3. famouser, the famousest
4. more famouser, most famous

Good luck studying!

Any questions?