Conditionals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

IF - zinnen of conditionals

Een if-zin bestaat uit twee gedeelten: 

het gedeelte dat begint met ‘if’ (if he runs)- de voorwaarde, 

en het hoofdgedeelte van de zin (he will be on time). 

Het maakt geen verschil of je de zin met het hoofdgedeelte laat beginnen of met if. 

Er zijn vier verschillende soorten if-zinnen/conditionals.

Type 0 Conditional

Het gaat hierbij om feiten.

Fill in the type 0 conditional:
If it ... (rain), the grass ... (get) wet.

If it freezes tonight,
water ... (turn) into ice.

First conditional

Gebruik: als het best waarschijnlijk is dat iets gaat gebeuren, 

nu of in de toekomst. Er is een best grote kans. 

Vorm: if + present simple, will (of ander hulpww) 

+ hele werkwoord

If you prepare properly, you will pass the test

What will you do if she _______ you?

1. won't call
2. doesn't call
3. wouldn't call
4. didn't call

If you _______ well tonight, you will not be tired tomorrow.

1. sleep
2. will sleep
3. slept
4. would sleep

My boss will be angry if I ___(not finish) my work.

Will they go to the beach if the weather____ (be) good?

Second conditional

Gebruik: als het gaat over iets wat niet zo waarschijnlijk is dat het ooit zal gebeuren/ iets in je fantasie, nu of in de toekomst.

Vorm: if + past simple, would + hele werkwoord

If you bought a car, you would not go to school by bike.

Second conditional

Gebruik  "I were" in plaats van "I was"

If I were there, I  would make my point.

If I were you, I _______ an umbrella.

1. will take
2. would take
3. take
4. took

If I .......... ( be) on Mars today, I .............. (try) to make photographs of a storm.

1. were, would have tried
2. were, would try
3. had been, would try
4. have been, would have tried

If England ... (have) better weather, it ... (be) the perfect place to live.

Third conditional

Gebruik: als het gaat over iets dat niet gebeurd is in het verleden, een kans die voorbij is

Vorm: if+ past perfect, would have + voltooid deelwoord (3e rij)

If I had seen you, I would have said hello.

If you .... (press) this button, you would have heard the doorbell.

If you had asked nicely, he ________ (let) you into the club.

If she _______ (not, hurry), we ________ (miss) the train. Fortunately, we made it on time.

'If' statements - four kinds:

• 0  =  facts                                   If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
• I  =  likely situations               If he comes first, he will win the medal.
• II  =  unlikely or hypothetical situations                                                                                      If I won the lottery, I would go travelling around the world.
• III  =  situations that cannot be changed anymore                                                                If I had studied for the test, I would have passed. 

Mixed conditionals - Test Yourself

1. If I had tried a bit harder, I (finish) my work.

2. If we won the lottery, I (be) very happy.

3. She would not have married Tim, if she (meet) William before.

4. Gayle will not help you if you (not ask) her nicely.

5. If Sarah (clean) her room today, she will be allowed to go to the cinema.

6. Will they go surfing if the weather (be) this bad? 

7. Such awful shoes! I would not want them, even if I (have) the money to 

    buy them. 

8. Nobody (notice) if you had left the party before the others. 

Mixed conditionals - The answers

1. If I had tried a bit harder, I would have finished my work.

2. If we won the lottery, I would be very happy.

3. She would not have married Tim, if she had met William before.

4. Gayle will not help you if you do not ask her nicely.

5. If Sarah cleans her room today, she will be allowed to go to the cinema.

6. Will they go surfing if the weather is this bad?

7. Such awful shoes! I would not want them, even if I had the money to

    buy them.

8. Nobody would have noticed if you had left the party before the others.