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2.1 food & nutients
Unit 2 Nutrition and digestion
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Biologie
Middelbare school
vwo
Leerjaar 2
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Unit 2 Nutrition and digestion
Slide 1 - Slide
start task
copy the subject + learning objectives from page 88.
timer
5:00
Slide 2 - Slide
schedule
- overview of chapter + next test 5
- theory: Food + nutrients 20
- assignments 10
- closure 2
Slide 3 - Slide
overview
Slide 4 - Slide
Slide 5 - Slide
note in zuidschrift:
next test: in test week
Theme 2, bs1 - bs6.
Slide 6 - Slide
learning objective
You can name the functions of nutrients in foods.
You know 6 groups of nutrients with their functions.
Slide 7 - Slide
Nutrients
: usable components in food
Dietary fibre
: are indigestible parts of the plants
vegetable products
Animal products
Foodstuffs
Slide 8 - Slide
Function
of Nutrients
Building material
: grow/develop/repair
Fuels
: by combustion in cells to provide energy
Reserves
: to store up
protection
: to stay healty
Slide 9 - Slide
6 groups of nutrients.
carbohydrates
fats
proteins
minerals
vitamins
Water
Slide 10 - Slide
Carbohydrates
includes: glucose, sugars, starch, glycogen
primary used as
fuel
also:
building material
and
reserves
glucose high: converted into glycogen and stored in liver and muscles.
glucose drops: glycogeen converted into glucose and released into the bloodstream
Slide 11 - Slide
fats
primarily used as
fuel
also as
buildingblock
or
reserves
reserves are stored beneath your skin
the subcutaneous fatlayer becomes thicker.
we mostly eat more fat than we need
Slide 12 - Slide
Proteins
Important
buildingblocks
:
also:
fuel
Which foodstuffs contain proteins?
beans, yoghurt, cheese, eggs, red meat, chicken, fish, tofu
Slide 13 - Slide
Water
Building material!
Your body is made up of 60% water
has a key role in transporting substances around your body
most substances can be only transported properly if they are dissolved
Slide 14 - Slide
Minerals (or salts)
-
Buildingblocks
. Like calcium for strong bones
- also
protective
substances
Slide 15 - Slide
Vitamins
building material
and
protection
prevent illness
(but consuming large quantities can be harmful)
-A: producing skin and seeing well
-B12: Red bloodcells
-C: defense / immunity
-D: Strong bones
Slide 16 - Slide
(dietary) fibre
- Fibres belong to carbohydrates.
- We CANNOT DIGEST them and therefore
excrete them.
- FUNCTION:
+ Ensure good bowel function,
+ Give a feeling of fullness (feeling that you're full),
+ Reduce the risk of heart disease, diabetes, and colon cancer.
- Found in, for example, vegetables, fruit, whole grain products, legumes, and nuts.
Slide 17 - Slide
Notes: functions of nutrients
Slide 18 - Slide
Process the material
Do assignments 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 10, 11 (pg. 92-96)
Use text from pg. 88 to 91.
timer
10:00
Slide 19 - Slide
Drag the nutrient functions to the correct description
Protect you against pathogens.
for energy
Are stored in your body.
Ensure recovery from injuries
protective substances
fuels
reserves
builing material
Slide 20 - Drag question
fats
proteins
carbs
Water
Minerals
Vitamins
Slide 21 - Drag question
Slide 22 - Slide
2.2 the digestive system
digestive system
excists of an intestinal tract
to let nutriens be absorbed into the bloodtream
glucose, minerals, vitamines, water
proteins, carbohydrates, vets have to be digested first
digestion = converting products to be able to absorb into the bloodstream
Slide 23 - Slide
Slide 24 - Slide
The route through the digestive tract:
oral cavity tongue and salivary glands
oesophagus
stomach
duodenum gall bladder, liver and pancreas
small intestines
large intestines appendix
rectum
anus
Slide 25 - Slide
Slide 26 - Slide
Enzymes
Slide 27 - Slide
Peritalsis & peristaltic movement
Slide 28 - Slide
What to do in class
Make a summary of 2.1; including a table nutrients/function
Make the exercises of 2.1
Homework next week: summary 2.1
timer
1:00
Slide 29 - Slide
Today
Discuss 2.3 Healthy food
Add your foodlist in the website or app; see page 40 exercise 2 of your workbook
Make a food advice for your neighbour in his or her notebook
Check and correct your work 2.1 and 2.2
Did you make a summary of 2.3?
Make the exercises of 2.3
timer
10:00
Slide 30 - Slide
2.3 the digestive organs
Slide 31 - Slide
the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus
what are the names of the glands together? what do they do?
salvary glands produces salvia: containing water, enzymes and mucus
Slide 32 - Slide
stomach
circular + longitudinal muscle for constantly movement
pyloric sphincter is a circular muscle who close off the stomach
the gastric gland produces gastric juices: containing: water, enzymes to digest proteins and hydrochloric acid to kill germs
Slide 33 - Slide
liver produces bile (gal)
bile is temporarily stored in the gall bladder
bile passes through the bile duct when necessary
bile emulsifies fats to make it easier for enzymes to digest.
Slide 34 - Slide
Slide 35 - Slide
The wall of the intestines contains intestinal glands. They produce intestinal juice.
various enzymes digest carbohydrates, fats and proteins
the wall is convoluted, the intestinal folds in turn have protrusions called intestinal villi.
the wall of the intestinal villi is very thin. nutrients can pass easily
Slide 36 - Slide
direct after the small intestines the caecum. (blinde darm).
the protrusion is called the appendix.
inflamed in appendicitis; the appendix will be surgically removed.
In the large intestine water is extracted from the pulp.
If not -> Diarrhea
Only undigested residues left over
Bacteria are able to digest some cellulose and turn is into glucose
glucose is absorbed into the bloodstream.
Slide 37 - Slide
2.4 Healty food
What is the basis for healty eating?
The basic for healty nutrition is variation
Also the food has to be safe. Not contaminated with germs.
Food poisoning: germs, bacteria, chemicals
Slide 38 - Slide
omega 3 for your health
containing harmful substances because of environmental pollution.
Seespiracy: 2021 netflix
Slide 39 - Slide
Advice for healty eating
Wheel of five: each part for daily basis
saturated fats: animal fat
unsaturated fats: fish and vegetable oil
Slide 40 - Slide
Slide 41 - Slide
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