Unit 3 final lessons: hybrid

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

Welcome back: half of you! 🥳

Today

Programme upcoming 3 or 4 lessons: repetition grammar unit 3 and studying for test

5a1: Tuesday 2/3, Thursday 4/3, Tuesday 9/3 studiedag, Thursday 11/3

5a2: Wednesday 3/3, Thursday 4/3, Wednesday 7/3, Thursday 11/3

👨‍🏫 op school          👩‍💻 online

Exam texts: we halt them for the moment; didn't seem to work online.

People at school: grammar repetition People at home: study vocabulary unit 3 and/or grammar from reference book unit 3

First things first: (Speaking) 

How are you? 

Are there any worries about school or other stuff? 

Do you have questions or things you want to say?

Grammar Unit 3

• Relative pronoun, demonstrative pronoun, indefinite pronoun
• Genitive
• Sentences with 'if' 

Pronouns: demonstrative pronoun

Aanwijzend voornaamwoord

enkelvoud	meervoud
this picture	these pictures (dichtbij)
that picture	those pictures (veraf)
This is my friend.	Dit is mijn vriend(in).
These are my friends.	Dit zijn mijn vrienden/innen.
That is my friend.	Dat is mijn vriend(in).
Those are my friends.	Dat zijn mijn vrienden/innen.

Pronouns: demonstrative pronouns

 I meet Musk, who  has a reputation for being prickly, at his headquarters SpaceXMusk for which I have to go west of Los Angeles. I find him friendly and chatty. 

And (dit zijn) .....................  the subjects we talked about: space exploration, climate change, Richard Branson and Hollywood.

“Going to Mars,” he begins, “and developing the technology to transport large numbers of people and cargo there, (dat zijn)  .........................  the ultimate awesome things I would like to see realised.” 

Pronouns: demonstrative pronouns

 I meet Musk, who  has a reputation for being prickly, at his headquarters SpaceXMusk for which I have to go west of Los Angeles. I find him friendly and chatty. 

And (dit zijn) these are  the subjects we talked about: space exploration, climate change, Richard Branson and Hollywood.

“Going to Mars,” he begins, “and developing the technology to transport large numbers of people and cargo there, (dat zijn)  those are the ultimate awesome things I would like to see realised.” 

Laat je niet op het verkeerde been zetten bij het invullen: het gaat om de combinatie van het voornaamwoord en het werkwoord, daar kun je aan zien dat het meervoud/enkelvoud is. En lees de hele zin, ter controle.

Pronouns: relative pronouns

Betrekkelijk voornaamwoorden

who	personen
whose	bezit van personen/dingen
which	dieren/dingen/zinsdeel
that	i.p.v. who/which (zonder komma ervoor)
where	plaats
voorzetsel + who(m)/which	with which/about whom

The underestimated magical word 🧙🏻‍♂️  "which" (not "witch" 😉)

which: wat/welke   🪄

with which	waar mee
about which	waar over
at which	waar bij
on which	waar op
for which	waar voor
of which	waar van

Pronouns: indefinite pronouns

onbepaald voornaamwoorden

Some and any

1. some in bevestigende zinnen; any in vragende en ontkennende zinnen.  There was some money left. Was there any money left? There wasn't any money left.
2. some in vragende zinnen als het verwachte antwoord positief is. Would you like some tea?
3. some = een of andere: Find some information on the internet.
4. any = elke (wie/welke/wat dan ook): Ask any doctor. (vs. Ask every doctor.)
5. Bijna + niets / niemand / nergens = Hardly + anything / anyone / anywhere  (almost nothing / no-one / nowhere   🥱 wel even leren natuurlijk) 

Both, either, neither, each, every, no & none. 

1. both = beide (van twee),
2. either = de een / of de andere (van de twee)
3. neither = geen van beide(n)
4. each = elke  & every = alle
5. no & none = geen (none als het alleen staat of wordt gevolgd door of... : None of the above...)

Genitive (bezit): ’s / ’ / of 

De genitive is de vorm die bezit aanduidt of aangeeft bij wie of wat iets hoort.

1 Bij personen, namen, tijd en plaats: apostrof + s of alleen apostrof 

Bij personen in het enkelvoud: ’s                                                                  the boy’s bike                    de fiets van de jongen 

Bij personen in het meervoud alleen apostrof                                       the boys’ bikes                 de fietsen van de jongens 

Bij namen: ’s                                                                                                           James’s girlfriend           de vriendin van James  

                                                                                                                                      Dickens’s novels              de romans van Dickens 

Bij namen uit de klassieke oudheid: alleen apostrof                           Socrates’ ideas de opvattingen van Socrates 

Bij tijd: enkelvoud ’s, meervoud: ’                                                                  an hour’s walk from here        een uur lopen van hier  

                                                                                                                                       a three hours’ drive                   een rit van drie uur

Bij plaats: ’s. Je noemt de naam van het gebouw niet.                       Then I went to my friend’s (house). 

                                                                                                                                       Toen ging ik naar mijn vriend.  

2 Bij zaken, hoeveelheden en aardrijkskundige namen: of 

the brakes of the bike                             de remmen van de fiets 

a cup of coffee                                           een kop koffie  

a pound of apples                                     een pond appels  

the county of Hampshire                      het graafschap Hampshire  

the city of Maastricht                              de stad Maastricht 

Practise

1. The conclusions in (report - Dr Jones) were unexpected.
2. For (sake - heaven) haven't you got anything better to do?
3. (daughter - Mike) is going to university next year.
4. (the castle - the gates) were built to withstand an attack.
5. The article in (magazine - last week) contained some glaring errors.
6. (enigines - aircraft) were manufactured by Rolls-Royce.

The Conditional tense

Conditionals

	bijzin	hoofdzin
0	if + simple present If this happens If this happens If this happens	simple present that happens that can/may/must happen do that/don't do that
1	if + simple present If this happens	will + infinitive we will go to the cinema.
2	if + simple past If I had a lot of money If this happened	would + infinitive I would travel around the world. that could/might happen.
3	If + past perfect If I had risen earlier If this had happened	would + have + past participle I would have caught the train. that might/could have happened.

Conditionals Practise

Zero conditional

1. If he (need) a car he can borrow mine.
2. Tell her to call me if you (talk) to her.

First conditional

1. Unless she has a quiet room she (not be able) to study.
2. They will be absolutely furious if they (find out) about this.

Second conditional

1. If I had a typewriter I (type) it myself.
2. If I (know) this address I'd give it to you.

Third conditional

1. If he (had) a well-thought-out plan he would have been fine.
2. You (save) me a lot of trouble if you had told me where you were going.

Conditionals Practise

Conditionals MIX

1. If they pass their exams we (have) a party.
2. What (happen) if he turns this key?
3. We would have chosen him if we (have) a choice then.
4. If someone offered to buy her one of those bracelets, which she (pick)?
5. The trip may be cancelled if the mist (get) thick.
6. If you (not believe) what she says, ask your father.

I    If they pass their exams we will have a party.

I    What will happen if he turns this key?

III  We would have chosen if we had had a choice then.

II   If someone offered to buy her one of those bracelets, which would she pick?

III  The trip may be cancelled if the mist gets thick.

0    If you don't believe what she says, ask your father.

Conditionals Practise

Conditionals MIX

1. If they pass their exams we (have) a party.
2. What (happen) if he turns this key?
3. We would have chosen him if we (have) a choice then.
4. If someone offered to buy her one of those bracelets, which she (pick)?
5. The trip may be cancelled if the mist (get) thick.
6. If you (not believe) what she says, ask your father.

Conditionals

Zero conditional

To talk about something that is always or generally true.

You use the present simple in both clauses.

If plants don’t get enough water, they die.

You can use when instead of if in zero conditional sentences.

When plants don’t get enough water, they die.

Conditionals

First conditional

To talk about something that is possible in the future.

You use the present simple in the If clause and a future tense in the main clause.

If the government doesn’t change course, things will get worse.

You can also use a modal verb or the imperative in the main clause.

If I see her, I can give her your message.

If you have any problems, give me a call.

You can use unless instead of if not in the If clause.

You can’t park here if you don’t have a permit.

You can’t park here unless you have a permit.

Conditionals

Second conditional

To talk about something that is impossible in the present or something that is possible but unlikely in the future.

You use the past simple in the If clause and would in the main clause.

If you had a sister, would you feel differently?

If we won the lottery, we would never work again.

Third conditional

To talk about something that was possible in the past but didn’t happen.

You use the past perfect in the If clause and would have + past participle in the main clause.

If I had known about the party, I would have come.

Give the English for the Dutch in brackets. (If-sentences)

1. If you (harder studeert) ________________________________________ ,  (slaag je zeker)  ________________________________________________.
2. If (ik filmster was) _______________________________________________ ,   (dan kocht ik) ________________________________________________ an apartment  in New York.
3. Visitors (raken geïnteresseerd) _______________________ ______________   if the audio tour (vertelt) ________________________________________ the story  well.
4. If people (niet kochten) ___________________________________________   books any more, (dan werd het leven) _______________________________ _____________________ much less interesting.
5. We (hadden niet bezocht) _________________________________________   Ellis Island, if a friend (niet had geadviseerd)  _________________________   _______________ us to go there.

Give the English for the Dutch in brackets. (If-sentences)

1 If you (harder studeert) study harder, (slaag je zeker) you will certainly succeed / you’ll certainly succeed.

2 If (ik filmster was) I were a film star / movie star, (dan kocht ik) I would buy / I’d buy an apartment in New York.

3 Visitors (raken geïnteresseerd) will be interested if the audio tour (vertelt) tells the story well.

4 If people (niet kochten) did not buy / didn’t buy books any more, (dan werd het leven) life would become much less interesting.

5 We (hadden niet bezocht) would not have visited / wouldn’t have visited Ellis Island, if a friend (niet had geadviseerd) had not advised / hadn’t advised us to go there.