U5 B3 2HVTTO

B3 Genes and alleles
  • Take off your jacket
  • Put your things on your desk
       Book, notebook, pencil case
  • Bag on the floor
  • Read pages 116-118
timer
4:00
Lessongoals
  • You can describe what genes and alleles are.
  • You can describe what a mutation is
  • You can describe what cancer is
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Slide 1: Slide
BiologieMiddelbare schoolhavo, vwoLeerjaar 2

This lesson contains 25 slides, with interactive quizzes, text slides and 2 videos.

time-iconLesson duration is: 45 min

Items in this lesson

B3 Genes and alleles
  • Take off your jacket
  • Put your things on your desk
       Book, notebook, pencil case
  • Bag on the floor
  • Read pages 116-118
timer
4:00
Lessongoals
  • You can describe what genes and alleles are.
  • You can describe what a mutation is
  • You can describe what cancer is

Slide 1 - Slide

Wheel of homework
Go to Lessonup.app and use this code
Reward
Penalty

Slide 2 - Slide

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?
A
genotype is the information fenotype is how you look/work
B
phenotype is the information genotype is how you look/work
C
They are nearly the same thing

Slide 3 - Quiz

What genes are found in the cells of your liver?
A
all genes used by the liver, once
B
all genes used by the liver, twice
C
all genes found in humans, once
D
all genes found in humans, twice

Slide 4 - Quiz

What genes are found in a sperm cell?
A
All genes used by the sperm, once
B
All genes used by the sperm, twice
C
All genes found in humans, once
D
All genes found in humans, twice

Slide 5 - Quiz

A human ovum contains ... pairs of chromosomes. (number)

Slide 6 - Open question

DNA, how it's built
Basepair
Combination of A-T or C-G. Other combinations are impossible in the DNA
Gene
Many (often thousands) of basepairs together contain the information of a gene. The order of the basepairs decides the code and its contents.
Base
Buildingblock of the DNA, there's 4 types:
  • A (adenine)
  • C (cytosine)
  • T (thymine)
  • G (guanine)

Slide 7 - Slide

Genes and characteristics
  • 1 characteristic often is made up of different genes
  • Genes contain information to make proteins
  • Sometimes parts of a gene are on different chromosomes

Slide 8 - Slide

Alleles



Genes have different gene variants: alleles
Alleles (variants) of eyecolor: blue, brown, green, etc.
Some alleles are stronger than others

Slide 9 - Slide

Allele pairs
Alleles of 1 gene form pairs:
  • 2 same alleles = homozygous
  • 2 different alleles = heterozygous

Slide 10 - Slide

Which is an allele that has to do with hair?
A
Hair colour
B
Blond
C
Hair schape
D
Blue

Slide 11 - Quiz

Which cells contain alleles for hair colour?
Pick the answer showing the most correct cells
A
Hair cells
B
Hair and head cells
C
Hair, head and brain cells
D
Hair, head, brain and eye cells

Slide 12 - Quiz

Which allels could you both find in the same sperm cell?
A
Brown hair Blond hair
B
Blue eyes Green eyes
C
Brown hair Blue eyes
D
Red hair Blond hair

Slide 13 - Quiz

What you should do:
  • Read pages  116-120
  • Do asgmt  1-8, 4choice pgs. 120-123
  • Challenge: 9 and 10 pgs. 123-124 

Done with the above?
  • Work on the next chapter(s)
  • Learn for the test 
  • Make other homework
  • Read a book
Zs = Working in Silence
  • No asking questions
  • Silent, don't disturb anyone
  • Stay at your  desk
timer
6:00

Slide 14 - Slide

What you should do:
  • Read pages 116-120
  • Do asgmt 1-8, 4choice pgs. 120-123
  • Challenge: 9 and 10 pgs. 123-124

Done with the above?
  • Work on the next chapter(s)
  • Learn for the test 
  • Make other homework
  • Read a book
Zw = Working with whispering
  • Teacher is available for questions
  • Only whisper with the student next to you
  • Stay at your  desk

Slide 15 - Slide

Sexual reproduction
  • Sperm/ova are made during meiosis.
  • This creates sex cells with many different alleles.
  • During fertilization a new genotype is formed. This contains alleles of both mother and father

Slide 16 - Slide

A man and woman have a baby.
The man is homozygous for blond hair.
The woman is homozygous for brown hair.
Explain, will the baby be homzygous or heterozygous for hair colour?

Slide 17 - Open question

Mutations
  • The genotyp of a person can not change
  • Mutation = part of the DNA (in a cell) changes
  • Usually little to no influence
  • Organism where mutation shows in phenotype = mutant
  • The moment and place of mutation are important

Slide 18 - Slide

Slide 19 - Video

How does DNA mutate?
Mutations can be caused by mutagenic influences:
  • Sunlight (UV-radiation)
  • Radioactive radiation (Röntgen)
  • Asbestos, smoke

Mutations also happen by mistake during cell division

Slide 20 - Slide

Cancer, how and why?
  • Happens due to mutations, Not bacteria/virus
  • Mutation makes cells divide continously      
  • this creates a tumour:
       - Benign: Divides slowly, stays at its spot
       - Malignant: divides quickly, disrupts tissues
  • Metastasis > cancer cells are carried by blood/lymph. End up in different body parts and create more/new tumours

Slide 21 - Slide

Slide 22 - Video

What you should do:
  • Read pages  116-120
  • Do asgmt  1-8, 4choice pgs. 120-123
  • Challenge: 9 and 10 pgs. 123-124 

Done with the above?
  • Work on the next chapter(s)
  • Learn for the test 
  • Make other homework
  • Read a book
Zs = Working in Silence
  • No asking questions
  • Silent, don't disturb anyone
  • Stay at your  desk
timer
6:00

Slide 23 - Slide

What you should do:
  • Read pages 116-120
  • Do asgmt 1-8, 4choice pgs. 120-123
  • Challenge: 9 and 10 pgs. 123-124

Done with the above?
  • Work on the next chapter(s)
  • Learn for the test 
  • Make other homework
  • Read a book
Zw = Working with whispering
  • Teacher is available for questions
  • Only whisper with the student next to you
  • Stay at your  desk

Slide 24 - Slide

Tidy Duty
Today these people are on tidy duty
  • Desks: empty and straight
  • Chairs:  underneath the desks
  • Floor: no rubbish

Slide 25 - Slide