01-06 : conditionals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

TODAY

Conditionals 

= voorwaardelijke bijzinnen

Conditional sentences

• Geeft een voorwaarde aan (als...dan)
• Bestaat uit een hoofdzin en een bijzin
• als if in het eerste deel van de zin staat --> komma gebruiken
• als if in het tweede deel van de zin staat --> geen komma

The Zero Conditional

• Wordt gebruikt bij zaken die absoluut gebeuren: wetenschappelijke feiten en algemene waarheden
• if + present simple, present simple
• 
  
• If you cross a border, you enter another country
• if you heat up ice, it melts

The First Conditional

• Als iets waarschijnlijk gaat gebeuren, nu of in de toekomst
• if + present simple, will + werkwoord
• will + werkwoord ... if + present simple

• If he gets the day off, we will go to London
• We will be sad if Daniel leaves

The Second Conditional

• Als het niet waarschijnlijk is dat iets gaat gebeuren, nu of in de toekomst
• if + past simple, would + werkwoord
• would + werkwoord ... if + past simple

• If we got the day off, we would go to London.
• We would all be sad if Daniel left

LET OP: In deze conditonal gebruik je bij 'be' altijd WERE

If I were you I would not help him

The Third Conditional

• Bij zaken die absoluut niet gebeurd zijn in het verleden
• if + past perfect, would have + voltooid deelwoord
• would have + voltooid deelwoord ... if + past perfect

• If I had studied for my exams, I would have passed them.
• I would have bought that house if I had won the lottery.

SUMMARY

0 : if + present simple       -      present simple          (yes 100%)

1 :  if + present simple       -       will + ww                      ( probably 80%)

2 : if + past simple              -      would + ww                 ( maybe 30 %)

3 : if + past perfect             -   would have + VD          (no 0 %)

Exercise 1

Put the sentences in the zero conditional

Type the whole sentence

If you (breathe) chlorine you (die).

If you (add) syrup to water you (make) ranja.

Exercise 2

Put the sentences in the first conditional

Type the whole sentence

If you (go) out with your friends tonight, I (watch) the football match on TV.

I (earn) a lot of money if I (get) that job.

If she (hurry / not), we (miss) the bus.

Exercise 3

Put the sentences in the second conditional

Type the whole sentence

if he (try) harder, he (reach) his goals.

I (buy) these shoes if they (fit).

it (surprise / not) me if he (know / not) the answer.

Exercise 4

Put the sentences in the third conditional

Type the whole sentence

If we (listen) to the radio, we (heard) the news.

If you (switch) on the lights, you (fall/not) over the chair.

she (come) to our party if she (be/not) on holiday.

Summary

• 0 conditional: facts : If water reaches a 100 degrees, it boils.
• 1 cond.: real, likely situations : I will catch the bus if I run.
• 2 cond.: unreal, unlikely situations : If I were President, I would stop the war.
• 3 cond.: for situations that cannot be changed anymore, in past : He would have told them sooner if he had known they would be so happy.

Exercise 5

Complete the sentences by using the first, second or third conditional.

Type the whole sentence.

If we had seen you, we (stop).

If we (meet) him tomorrow, we will say hello.

If I (be) stronger, I would help you carry the piano.

If you drop the vase, it (break).

He would have repaired the car himself if he (have) the tools.

If I had not studied, I (not/pass) the exam.

I (not/travel) to London if I do not get a cheap flight.

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