Last lesson before the test (chapter 2)

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Last lesson before the SO

2.1 to 2.3

Important concepts

• Parliament = States General = House of representatives (Tweede Kamer) & the Senate (Eerste Kamer). 
• Cabinet = Ministers + Prime minister + Secretaries of State.
• Government = Ministers + King.
• Council of ministers = all ministers.
• Inaugural address = Speech when a function or title is taken on.

2.2

• In 1815 Napoleon is defeated at Waterloo.

• The Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg are combined ==> United Kingdom of the Netherlands with William I as king.
• They become a constitutional monarchy.

Power

• Parliament  consists of two assemblies: the First Chamber and the Second Chamber. 
• The first chamber is chosen by Willam directly
• He could also appoint and fire ministers. 

William II (2.3)

• William I abdicates and is succeeded by his son William II. 
•  He is a conservative.

Liberals

• Believe in individual freedom.

• Everyone has a functioning brain and should have a say in the governing of the country. 

• Those who pay taxes should have a say in the country!

1848

• Potato famine:  food shortages and diseases cause a crisis in Western Europe. 
• Revolts happen: In France the king is even dethroned!
• Riots take place in Dutch cities. 
• William II decides to let Thorbecke change the constitution (1848).

Revision

• The Second Chamber is now chosen by the people! 
• The representatives are given legislative power. 
• They are allowed to initiate and amend bills.
• The First Chamber is now chosen by the provincial council and has less power.

Revision

• The government now has to answer to parliament 
• The king has become inviolable. 
• The Netherlands has become a parliamentary, constitutional monarchy.
• Thorbecke's revision is seen as the basic principle of our current government. 

Any questions?