This lesson contains 47 slides, with interactive quizzes and text slides.
Lesson duration is: 45 min
Items in this lesson
Review lesson
Reproduction
Test date:
17 feb 2022
Slide 1 - Slide
Male reproductive system
sperm duct: transports sperm from the epididymis to the urethra
seminal vesicle gland: produces liquid that forms semen together with the sperm cells
prostate: produces liquid that forms semen together with the sperm cells
epididymis: stores sperm cells until they are needed
testicle: produces the sperm cells and the hormone testosterone
Slide 2 - Slide
Male reproductive system
6. scrotum: keeps the testicles outside the body at a lower body temperature. (1 or 2 degrees) better for sperm production and survival 7. penis: this is meant for sex, it has this shape to be able to deliver the sperm cells as far into the female body as possible. 8. bladder: stores urine that has come from the kidneys 9. urethra: moves urine and semen out of the body 10. glans: the sensitive part of the penis 11. foreskin: this covers and protects the glans
Slide 3 - Slide
Female reproductive system
1. oviduct (fallopian tube): transports the ova to the uterus
2. ovary: produces the ova (eggs) and the hormones estrogen and progesterone
3a. uterus: is like a large sack that holds the developing baby
3b. uterus wall: thick wall on the outside of the uterus made of muscles
3c. cervix: the entrance to the uterus from the vagina
4. vagina: the opening of the woman's body where the penis fits in.
5. hymen: the half-open covering to the entrance of the vagina.
6. bladder: store urine that comes from the kidneys
Slide 4 - Slide
Female reproductive system
7. urethra: the tube that move urine out of the body
8. clitoris: the sensitive part of the female reproductive system, this works the same as the glans with men.
9. inner labia: produces mucus to protect the reproductive organs and also lubricates the area during sex.
10. outer labia: this helps protect the reproductive organs.
Slide 5 - Slide
Sexual development
Primary sexual characteristics: characteristics that you are born with
Secondary sexual characteristics: develop later in life, usually during puberty
Caused by the production of hormones
Slide 6 - Slide
What are hormones?
These are chemicals that slowly change things in our bodies
They are transported through our blood
Slide 7 - Slide
Male secondary sexual characteristics
Hormone = testosterone
Growth of hair
Growth of penis and testicles
Enlargment of Adam's apple
deepeing of the voice
Increased muscles and strength
Increased secretions of oil and sweat -> acne & body odor
Slide 8 - Slide
Female secondary sexual characteristics
Hormone = Estrogen & Progesterone
Breasts and nipples grow bigger
Body hair
Widening of the hips
More fat deposists (thighs, hips and buttocks)
Ovulation and menstruation start
Increased secretions oil and sweat -> odor and acne
Slide 9 - Slide
The menstrual cycle
Slide 10 - Slide
What is menstruation?
Release of blood from the uterus through the vagina
Start around age 12
Slide 11 - Slide
How does it happen?
Hormones estrogen en progesterone build up uterus lining
Fertilized egg could attach to this
No fertilized egg? --> Lining is shed
cylce: it happens over and over again (450 times in a life time)
Slide 12 - Slide
Menstrual cycle
Slide 13 - Slide
4 Phases
Phase 1 (day 1-5) : menstruation
Uterus lining is shed through the vagina (no fertilized egg)
Phase 2 (day 6-12): repair phase
uterus lining build new layer of mucus
new egg cell develops in the ovary
Slide 14 - Slide
4 Phases
Phase 3: Ovulation (day 13-15)
A new ova is released and send down the oviduct
Phase 4: Receptive phase (day 16 - 28)
Uterus lining grows to form a 'nest' for the egg cell
No fertilized egg cell? --> cycle starts again!
Slide 15 - Slide
Fertilisation
Gametes are sex cells
sperm and egg (ova)
contain half the DNA of regular body cells
Fertilisation = melting together of sperm and egg cell
Zygote = 'baby cell' sperm and egg cell melted together
Embryo = when cells starts to multiply
Slide 16 - Slide
Slide 17 - Slide
How do cells multiply?
Body cells
'clones'
Sex cells
sperm and egg 'different'
Slide 18 - Slide
Pregnancy
Placenta
spongy mass of blood vessels
transport oxygen, nutrients & carbon dioxide
Amniotic sac
membrane around the fetus filled with water
protects the fetus
Umbilical cord
connection placenta to fetus
Slide 19 - Slide
Childbirth
-Amniotic sac breaks
-after 9 months / 40 weeks
Muscles of the uterus contract
Dilation contractions - open up the cervix
Pushing contractions - uterus pushes the baby out
after 15 min. -> afterbirth (placenta + amniotic sac)
Slide 20 - Slide
Contraceptives
Chemical method
Natural method
Sterilization
Intrauterine methods
Emergency contraception
Barrier method
Slide 21 - Slide
Chemical methods
Spermicides (zaaddodend middel)
Pill (de pil)
Patch (hormoonpleister)
Injection (hormooninjectie)
Rods (hormoon implantaat)
Ring (NuvaRing)
Slide 22 - Slide
Natural methods
Coitus interruptus (voor het zingen de kerk uit)
Rhythm (periodiek onthouding)
Slide 23 - Slide
Sterilisation
Tubal ligation (females)
Vasectomy (males)
Slide 24 - Slide
Intrauterine method
IUD (intra uterine device): copper or hormones
spiraaltje
Slide 25 - Slide
Emergency contraception
Plan B ( morning after pill)
Abortion pill
Slide 26 - Slide
Barrier methods
Male condom
Female condom
Diaphragm (pessarium)
Slide 27 - Slide
Slide 28 - Slide
Slide 29 - Slide
Slide 30 - Slide
Get to work
Make Test Yourself of basic 1 to 4
Unit 4 Reproduction
Slide 31 - Slide
What determines the beginning of the menstruation cycle?
A
Release of blood through the vagina
B
The release of the egg cell from the ovaries
C
The growing of the uterus lining
D
The cycle can start anytime
Slide 32 - Quiz
In which part of the female reproductive system do the ova (egg cells) develop?
A
Fallopian tube/Oviduct
B
Ovaries
C
Uterus
D
Vagina
Slide 33 - Quiz
In which part of the female reproductive system does the fertilised egg cell grow into a baby?
A
Fallopian tube/Oviduct
B
Ovaries
C
Uterus
D
Vagina
Slide 34 - Quiz
On which day in the cycle does ovulation occur?
A
Day 1
B
Day 14
C
Day 20
D
Day 28
Slide 35 - Quiz
What is shed during the menstruation of a female?
A
The ovaries
B
The egg cell
C
The uterus lining
D
Nothing
Slide 36 - Quiz
The cycle is for everyone the same. It is always 28 days.
A
True
B
False
Slide 37 - Quiz
How long does an released egg cell survive?
A
15 days
B
4 days
C
about an hour
D
1-2 days
Slide 38 - Quiz
How do we call the release of an egg cell into the oviduct?
A
Fertilization
B
Ovulation
C
Pregnancy
D
Contraceptive
Slide 39 - Quiz
Which characteristics are present at birth?
A
Primary sexual characteristics
B
Secondary sexual characteristics
Slide 40 - Quiz
Which characteristics develop during puberty?
A
Primary sexual characteristics
B
Secondary sexual characteristics
Slide 41 - Quiz
How do organisms develop secondary sexual characteristics?
A
Under the influence of hormones
B
Under the influence of the weather
C
Under the influence of gravity
Slide 42 - Quiz
What is a primary sexual characteristic of a man?
A
a beard
B
stronger muscles
C
a penis
D
stronger body smell
Slide 43 - Quiz
What is a primary sexual characteristic of a woman?