Public speaking TH3 lesson individual work

• Engels
• Voortgezet speciaal onderwijs

Information - Public Speaking

Today's lesson is all about public speaking. You'll need your earphones.

For today you read the hand out on classroom which explains what is expected of you. The dates for the public speeches have slightly changed, planning is on classroom and in Magister. 

Make sure you make that information yours - you should know what is expected, when you will perform, what you will be graded on and what you have to do. 

The lesson that I have prepared here helps you understand what makes a good speech and why. Follow all the steps, watch all the clips, answer all questions.

IMPORTANT

Even though I am not  physically present, I still have the same expectations and rules. You are quiet and do the work individually. You use your earphones. If you have questions you ask me in the google meet. If you fail to submit your own answers in response to my questions or fail to do all the work this lesson, you will be marked absent. 

Last year you performed a speech in class. Perhaps you even took part in the school round. Write down here what the experience was like for you, what went well and what you could improve this time.

Make a mindmap about public speaking - according to you, what makes a good speech, what makes a good performance? (those are two separate things)

Public Speaking

Public Speaking

Read the following

Public speaking has been used as a vital means of communication throughout history. We all know gifted speakers like Winston Churchill and Martin Luther King, whose speeches - for example, "We shall fight on the beaches" (1940) and "I have a dream" (1963) -  are still widely read and analysed today.  Each generation has its gifted and famous speakers but did you know that  you can perform one yourself as well? A public speech is nothing else but a public way of expressing your views  to an audience. You see them all around you -  you can hardly turn on the evening news without seeing and hearing a public speech being performed by, for example, young activists like Greta Thunberg or Malala Yousafzai or by politicians like Kamala Harris (Democratic vice presidential nominee for the 2020 presidential election), Donald Trump or  Ursula von der Leyen (president of the European Commission).  Even if you think you will not be in a profession where you perform a public speech, still it is a perfect  way to prepare yourself for future presentations, argumentative essays and conversations or debates in which you want to express your views supported by good arguments.

Public speaking has been used as a vital means of communication throughout history. We all know gifted speakers like Winston Churchill and Martin Luther King, whose speeches - for example, "We shall fight on the beaches" (1940) and "I have a dream" (1963) - are still widely read and analysed today. Each generation has its gifted and famous speakers but did you know that you can perform one yourself as well? A public speech is nothing more but a public way of expressing your views to an audience. You see them all around you - you can hardly turn on the evening news without seeing and hearing a public speech being performed by, for example, young activists like Greta Thunberg or Malala Yousafzai or by politicians like Kamala Harris (Democratic vice presidential nominee for the 2020 presidential election), Donald Trump or Ursula von der Leyen (president of the European Commission). Even if you think you will not be in a profession where you might have to perform a public speech at one point, practising the skill of public speaking is still perfect way to prepare yourself for future presentations, argumentative essays and conversations or debates in which you want to express your views supported by good arguments. The more you practise this, the better and more confident you will become.

Persuasive language

You are going to perform a persuasive speech - your aim is to persuade. Apart from making a speech interesting by using body language and hand gestures, you can also play with language. For example, you can use imagery or figurative language or play with sound by using alliteration. In order to be persuasive you can also make use of persuasive language by using:  

Facts and figures	Quotes (ideally from experts, but famous figures will suffice)
Rhetorical questions	Emotions
Repetition	Anecdotes
Flattery	Personal pronouns - I, we, our, your
Humour	Figures of speech such as metaphors, personifications, hyperboles

More information about persuasive language can be found later on in this presentation

Examples of facts and figures

• Snails are hermaphrodites
  
• 73% of murders in USA are by gun, compared to 3% in the UK
  
• Scientists can tell the next day if an area has a coronavirus outbreak by studying sewage samples
  
• Cats sleep for 66% of their lives
  
• 350 elephants have been found dead this year in Botswana
  
• More people are born in August than any other month
  
• In July 2020, fires in the Amazon are at an all time high
  
• By 2100, UK could get 40C days every summer
  
• Coronavirus causes lung scarring
  
• 11% of people are left handed
  
• The Hawaiian alphabet only has 13 letters
  
• 85% of plants live in the ocean
  

Task

Watch the clip on the next slide. Write down in your notebook what the student does well.

Copy your answers from your notebook and enter them here.

What you could/should have written down

• She gains the attention of the audience at the start with an extended example
• This example also appeals to the audience's emotion, which makes it extra strong (pathos)
• She relates her topic to her classmates at a personal level
• She establishes credibility by mentioning she has worked as a volunteer for the Special Olympics herself 
• She makes the aim of her speech very clear
• She provides facts and statistics which support her arguments
• She uses transitional phrases like 'We'll start by' and 'Now you know' 
• She discusses different options for volunteering
• Her arguments about the benefits of her plan are strong and well-supported
• Not only is she sincere in her content but also her voice and performance
• She includes a call for action at the start to make sure her audience feels addressed when she uses 'you' and 'your.'
• She has the right pace, plays with pauses, intonation and her facial expression.  

Gestures and body language

When we speak, we often use body language to subtly convey messages..

Gestures such as clenched fists can convey power, determination or anger.

Open palms and arms indicate acceptance and being honest.

Counting on your fingers conveys organisation, and so on.

Gestures and body language can help you support your points, draw and keep the attention and help you convey your passion and enthusiasm. 

Watch one of the videos on the right.

 

Write down in your notebook what Obama or Rihanna does using his /her body language, facial expressions, and gestures.

Explain why you think he or she does that. 

Copy your answers from your notebook and enter them here. Indicate which clip you have watched.

Next

In a couple of weeks time you will be performing your speech. It is time to start preparing! 

 You start on your plan of action (see next slide). You do the mindmapping session on the next slide.

The remaining slides can be used by you for further reference - you will find more information about what makes a speech strong or how to go about nerves. 

Use your time wisely, you are not getting anymore lesson time!

Plan of action

1. Choose a topic. Brainstorm (on the next slide!) and decide on something. Run it by me before Friday-> see Google Form on classroom.
2. What will you say? This is your content.
3. What will the audience be like?
   
4. How will you begin? What is your hook for their attention?
   
5. What will come first, what is your thesis going to be?
6. What will you talk about next?  What arguments will you give? What evidence will you use?
7. How will you end it?
   
8. What body language or gestures might you use?
   
9. What might you be asked? 
10. What’s the worst case scenario and how can you control that and make it the best case scenario?
    
11. Will you use props?
    

Don't forget you can consult/use the portfolio on classroom instead. Follow those steps and you will get there as well :)

#AStoryThatMovedMe

What makes a great speech according to this clip? (consider playing it at 0.75)

Watch the video on the left.

TED Talks are some of the best (usually!) speakers in the world. Watching TED Talks and dissecting them can help you to improve too.

Body language

Watch the following clip if you want to learn more about how to use/improve your use of body language

Persuasive techniques

Go to the next slide for more examples of persuasive techniques

https:

Nervous? This is what you can do

• Acquire experience - become accustomed to speaking in public. Apart from performing public speeches you can already prepare yourself by getting accustomed to speaking up in class for example.
• Prepare, prepare, prepare - choose a topic you are passionate about and prepare it well
• Think positively 
• Realise that most nervousness is not visible
• Don't expect perfection
• Make sure you get a good night's sleep the day before the speech
• Take slow, deep breaths before you start to speak
• Work hard on your introduction - research has shown that a speaker's anxiety level beings to drop significantly after the introduction 
• Make eye contact with members of your audience. 
• Concentrate on communicating with the audience rather than on worrying about your message and stage fright.
• Use visual aids to draw the attention away from you rom time to time. 
• Always bring prompt cards