Relative pronouns

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Goals for this lesson

Recap: Stepping Stones Theme 5

Relative pronouns (betrekkelijk voornaamwoorden)

What are relative pronouns? 

How/when to use them.

 

Relative pronouns

• Verwijzen terug naar een eerder genoemd woord
  
• Verbinden twee zinsdelen aan elkaar

Martin played Tennis with Sophie, who was slightly injured.

relative pronoun

Noa sold her phone, which was old and damaged.

relative pronoun

Tekst

Non-restrictive relative clauses

Non-restrictive relative clauses:  additional information

• In the middle or end of sentence
• Starts and ends with comma
• No use of that
  

The Times ,which is published in London, is a reliable source.

(The Times is a daily newspaper)

Restrictive relative clauses

Defining relative clauses:  essential information

• In the middle or end of sentence
• No commas!

He is the doctor   who helped my grandmother.

We are looking for   a pub   that   serves food.

Relative pronouns

Relative pronoun verwijst naar:

that

who

whose

which

whom

person / animal / object 

person 

possession

object / animal

used with prepositions

Whom is used in connection with a preposition:

This is Viki with whom I studied. 

This is the teacher from whom I learnt a lot.

This is the person to whom I owe my life.

* Whom is only for people not things or animals

Whom is used in connection with a preposition:

This is Viki with whom I studied.

She is the teacher whom/who I learnt a lot from.

In formal letters (when it refers to lijdend voorwerp): 

The employee whom I have promoted is a genius.

Let's enter a short quiz

To make things a slightly more challenging, 

I have added options with/without the comma 😁😈...

Choose the BEST answer!

Sarah King .............. is my best friend, is standing by the door.

1. that
2. who
3. ,who
4. who / that

We had spaghetti ..... is my favourite meal, for dinner last night.

1. that
2. which/that
3. ,which
4. ,that

Marie Curie is the woman ......... discovered radium

1. ,who
2. ,who/that
3. who/that
4. who

My brother Danny ................. birthday is next week, is 10 years old

1. whose
2. which
3. from whom
4. ,whose

This photocopier ........
has a two-year guarantee, costs €2,000.

1. which
2. ,which
3. that
4. which/that

Our officer Smith ....... John told his story to, is always friendly.

1. who / that
2. ,whom
3. ,who / whom
4. ,who

We had fish and chips ......... I always enjoy.

1. which
2. ,which
3. which / that
4. ,what

In 1988 I heard Zappa in Rotterdam ..... was a great concert.

1. , which
2. what
3. , that
4. which / that

I hereby officially declare that the business associate ..... I have reported to the police, is an imposter!

1. whom/that
2. who/that
3. , what
4. which / that

Let's check & see if you understand:

Connect the two rows; 

sometimes there is more than just one combination 😁😈...

Lots of success (it's not that difficult, is it?)

people

animals

objects

possession

preposition

which

who

That

whom

whose