4.3 hormones and puberty

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2,3

Welcome everyone 

 Think about...

• Mobile in your bag on silent
  
• Book + notebook, pen on the table. Bag on the floor.
• Sit in your own place.
• 5 minutes.
  

schedule 

• Repetition                                10 min.
• Explanation 4.3                      10 min.
• Doing assignments              15 min      
• Closing                                        5 min. 

Asexual

Both: asexual and sexual

Sexual

In changing environments, which is better for a species?

1. Sexual reproduction
2. Asexual reproduction

Some plants can be regrown completely from a single branch. Is this sexual or asexual reproduction?

1. Sexual reproduction
2. Asexual reproduction

Female reproductive system

Male reproductive system

Fallopian Tubes

Testicles

Prostate

Uterus

Seminal vesicle

Ovaries

Learning goals 4.3

You will learn..

• What are hormones?
• Which hormone glands are present in the human body and which hormones do they produce?
• Which hormones affect the reproductive system and how?

What are hormones?

• Function: growth, glucose level, heart rate etc.
• Made by: glands
• Transportation: by blood
• Transmits the message

key-lock mechanism

Hormones

= regulatory substances that control processes in the body

• They do that by giving signals to organs (messengers)
• Produced by hormone glands from the endocrine system
• Transported by the circulatory system to get them where they need to be
• Effect can have a duration of hours up until months/years

Dutch for glands = klieren

Messengers

Hormones are messengers. However, that was the task of the nervous system, right? The difference: the nervous system is for the fast messages (to help you feel and move), the hormones are for the slower messages (to help you grow and change). 

What is puberty?

• Experiencing
• starts 8-13 
• pituitary gland

Physical changes

• primary sexual characteristics = visible from birth

• secondary sexual characteristsic = develops between the ages of 10 and 16 (puberty)

Sex hormones

• Hormones that work in the reproductive system are called sex hormones. 
• Different amounts are produced in males and females
• Production of these leads to the physical change of male and female bodies
• This production happens in many stages of life!

Different types of hormones and their functions

• Oestrogen and Testosterone
• Oestrogen --> puberty and the menstrual cycle
• FSH and LH --> stimulates oestrogen
• Testosterone --> sperm
• Melatonin --> sleep
• Adrenaline --> emergency hormone

How and which hormones affect puberty?

• Changes of puberty
• Gonadrotropin-releasing hormone
• LH and FSH
• Both
• For guys --> testes, production
• In girls --> stimulate, ovaries, oestrogen
• Pregancy 

Doing work 

finish the homework &  assignments 

Mood-swings and the brain

• Sex hormones
• Unused connections
• Prunes
• Getting stronger
• More efficient
• The prefrontel cortex
• Make decisions
• The amygdala
• Emotional rollercoaster