YR2-K4-LSN7

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 2

HAVE READY:

- JOIN THIS LESSONUP

- KERBOODLE PAGE 48

- YOUR NOTEBOOK

- GOOGLE CLASSROOM

LESSON 7: Digestion

HW for today: flyer on eating disorder

Short presentation

Asking questions

TODAY'S LEARNING GOALS:

• I have a good knowledge and understanding of the anatomy of the digestive system.
• I have a good knowledge and understanding of physical digestion
• I know how diet influences the form and function of teeth.

TODAY'S KEY WORDS:

• Ingestion 
• Mechanical digestion
• Chemical digestion
• Absorption
• Egestion
• Defaecation 
• Herbdvore 
• Omnivore 
• Carnivore 

read kerboodle pages 54-58

DIGESTIVE ORGANS AND FUNCTIONS

The digestive organs

• write down the numbers 1-11 in your notebook
• write down the names of the organs in your notebook
• look up the functions of all these organs and briefly add these to your notes

rectum

pancreas

liver

mouth

stomach

oesophagus

large intestine

small intestine

The digestive organs

1. liver                        - creates bile
2. gall bladder        - stores bile
3. duodenum          - bile and enzymes from pancreas added
4. appendix              - immunological defense
5. esophagus          - transports food to stomach
6. stomach               - protein digestion, stomach 
7. pancreas              - creates digestive enzymes
8. small intestine   - digests and absorbs nutrients
9. large intestine    - absorbs water and location of microbiome
10. rectum                   - stores faecal matter
11. anus                        - exit hole

TEETH:

• INCISORS
• CANINES
• PREMOLARS
• MOLARS

• CHILD HAS 20
• ADULT HAS 32

TEETH:

• ENAMEL
• DENTINE
• PULP
• GUMS

• PLAQUE

crown

root

dentine

pulp

jaw bone

gums

enamel

nerves & bloodvessels

CHEMICAL DIGESTION:

• Cutting large polymers into monomers
• Proteins, fats, carbohydrates
• Enzymes required
• Organs producing enzymes:
• salivary glands, stomach wall, pancreas and small intestine wall

ENZYMES

• Salivary glands: amylase
• Stomach wall: protease (pepsin)
• Pancreas: protease, amylase, lipase
• Small intestines: peptidase, maltase, nuclease

BILE

• PRODUCED by the lover
• STORED in the gall blatter
• contains emulsifying agents (bile salts)
• contains waste products (bilirubin)
• transporters via a tube to the duodenum

EMULSIFICATION

• by bile salts
• devides larger globules of fat into smaller ones
• increasing surface area for enzyme lipase from pancreas

ABSORPTION

• Once digestion is complete
• monomers
• second half small intestine 
• water mainly absorbed in large intestine (colon)
• microbiome provides help
• produced vitamin K
• helps digesting plant cell walls

Peristaltic movements

• Contractions of muscles 
• esophagus, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
• sphincters (kringspieren) contract behind a bolus of food
• moves food through the digestive tract

Defecation

• moving unabsorbed waste to rectum for storage
• removing fecal (faecal) matter via anal orifice
• everything between once in the three days and three times a day is good

• Color and consistency of your poo tells you a lot about your health!
• Looking back once or twice is a good idea

IMPORTANT DEADLINES I

• Project (food diary or lab report)
• TV2E: April 6th
• TV2H: April 5th
• TV2I: April 5th

IMPORTANT DEADLINES I

• Project (food diary or lab report)
• TV2E: April 6th
• TV2H: April 5th
• TV2I: April 5th

IMPORTANT DEADLINES II

• NO glossary, NO summary
• INSTEAD:  optional practice quiz (2x in magister)
• Practice quiz via kwizl in lesson 9 (two weeks from now)
• TEST: in lesson 10 (three weeks from now

HW FOR LESSON 8

• COMPLETE THE IN CLASS ASSIGNMENTS FOR LESSON 7
• DECIDE: Do I take the practice quiz? Yes or no
• HAND IN your project assignment on time