If and when and if sentences

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Welcome back!

Today:

Explanation of if and when and the conditionals!

-Keep yourself muted

- Ask questions in the lesson-up

When

When means: 'toen' or 'wanneer'

You use it: 

When you know for certain something is going to happen.

I'll call you when the airplane has landed.

When I get home, I will clean my room.

If

If means: 'als' or 'indien' 

You use it when you are not sure if it is going to happen

OR

to talk about a condition (voorwaarde)

If I win the lottery I  will  buy a new car. (voorwaarde)

If you're not too late, you could still make it.  (onzeker)

... it snows tomorrow, we won't go to the mall.

1. If
2. When

I will buy a scooter .... I become 16.

1. if
2. when

... we leave now, we might catch the train.

1. if
2. when

.... Carly eats, she usually eats healthy foods.

1. If
2. When

I'm leaving for London now. I'll call you ... I get there.

1. if
2. when

Conditionals 'If' statements - 4 kinds:

• 0: facts - If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
• 1: real or likely situations - If a soldier kills the ogre, he will be named champion.
• 2: unlikely or hypothetical situations - If I won the lottery, I would go travelling around the world.
• 3: situations that cannot be changed - If I had studied for the test, I would have passed. (But I didn't study, so I didn't pass.) 

Fact: If + present simple = > present simple

condition: If + present simple (If I win)

result: present simple
(don't eat)

Facts:   0 conditional

If you freeze water, it turns into ice.

If you _______ (press) the button, the light ________ (come) on.
The missing words are:

Real/likely situation: If + present simple => will

"If you go outside in the rain, you will get wet!"

Real / likely situations: 1st conditional

condition: if + present simple (If I tell)

result: will + verb (I will get)

If she _______ (not, hurry), we ________ (miss) the train.
The missing words are:

Unlikely situation: If + past simple = > would

Unreal / unlikely situations: 2nd conditional

condition: if + past simple (If I did)

result: would + verb (would I be)

"If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car!"

If I _________ (win) a million euros, I __________ (buy) a million bags of crisps.
The missing words are:

Giving advice / imagining situations:

If I were you, I would study harder.

If I were a boy (even just for one day), I would roll out of bed in the morning.......... (Beyonce)

If I were a rich man, I would live a life of luxury.

Situations that you cannot change anymore: 

If + past perfect => would + present perfect

Situations cannot be changed / past : 3rd conditional

condition: if + past perfect (If I hadn't been caught)

result: would + present perfect (I would have gotten)

"I would have left sooner if I had known."

I ______________ (not go) to see that film if I had known how bad it was!

1. wouldn't go
2. won't go
3. wouldn't have gone
4. am not going

I’d definitely ask her for an autograph if I __________ (see) Shakira in the supermarket!

1. saw
2. had seen
3. would see
4. see

She’ll meet us later if she __________ (not have) to work.

1. won't have
2. doesn't have
3. wouldn't have
4. didn't have

If I saw a UFO, I ___________ (take) a photo!

1. take
2. took
3. would take
4. would have taken

Summary

• 0 conditional: facts : If water reaches a 100 degrees, it boils.
• 1 cond.: real, likely situations : I will catch the bus if I run.
• 2 cond.: unreal, unlikely situations : If I were President, I would stop the war.
• 3 cond.: for situations that cannot be changed anymore, in past : He would have told them sooner if he had known they would be so happy.

if + past simple + would/could/might- for general truths or the result of a situation/action

if/unless + present simple + will/ won't might - for a future possibility

if + past perfect + would have + past participle - for hypothetical situations in present or future, suggestions and advice

if/when + present simple + present simple - for hypothetical situations in the past or regrets about the past

Zero conditional

first conditional

second conditional

third conditional

If Cosimo hadn't built a treehouse first, Francesco probably wouldn't have bothered

When we think about a living space, we imagine a 'normal ' house, flat or hotel.

if you saw this treehouse, you'd think it was something out of a fairytale.

If I were you, I'd try it one day!

If you have a space you can go to, then you might find that your mind becomes freer.

Things like this won't happen unless you live in the countryside.

Zero conditional

first conditional

second conditional

third conditional