3.1 A Republic of Regenten (part 1/2)

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3.1 A Republic of Regenten (part 1/2)

Great hall of the States General (The Hague)

What does it look like now?

Goals for this lesson

At the end of this lesson you...

• understand how the Republic was governed.
• understand the conflict between the grand pensionary and the stadtholder

Which age is this chapter about?

1. Regents and monarchs
2. Cities and states
3. Explorers and reformers
4. Wigs and revolutions

Which years belong to Age 6 Regents and monarchs?

1. 1500-1600
2. 1600-1700
3. 1700-1800
4. 1800-1900

1584 Assassination of William of Orange

What does it look like now?

Who should be the next leader of the Dutch Revolt in 1584?

William's 17 year old son Maurice of Orange

The Seven members of the States General

The representative of the most powerful gewest

The Spanish king Philip II

A foreign monarch

The States General is confused

It should be Maurice!

Lets do it together as 7 states!

Holland is too powerful!

Holland pays for the war!

Lets ask the English! They hate the Spanish too :)

What about the French?

Woof!

Hendrik III of France

He didn't want to cause a war between Spain and France so he refused. 

Elizabeth I of England

They asked Elizabeth I but she refused.

The States general offered the Duke of Anjou the position of Monarch over the seven provinces, but he expected a lot of income, a lot of power which he was refused, because the States General didn't want to have a single man with too much power wanting to centalize the provinces and cities (reason fpr the rebellion in the first place)

Count of Leicester

Couldn't find a new king or queen: so we do something unheard of (exception Greek antiquity)

In 1588 the States General declared the 7 provinces the: 

Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (or short Dutch Republic)

William of Orange assassinated

Plakkaat van Verlatinghe

Dutch Republic founded

Search for a new leader

Expansion of the Republic

By two sons of William of Orange:

               

Maurits        &   Frederik Hendrik.

Military expeditions were successful

Because of...

• Changes in the army structure.
• The Dutch water line.
• Mutiny in the Spanish army.
• Other conflicts (Mores/Ottomans) the Spanish had to deal with.

Old Hollandic water line

Land can be set underwater when an enemy land army arrives. 

A bit of luck 1588

A Spanish Armada (fleet) of 139 warships sent for the Dutch Republic was defeated by storms and by the English fleet.

Stadtholder Maurits of Orange

(Head of the Dutch army)

Grand pensionary Johan van Oldenbarnevelt (leader of the States General & representative of Holland) also foreign minister)

Maurits

• Carefull & tactical
• Wants to defeat Spain as soon as possible ( A man of War - even if that costs a lot of money).
• conservative calvinist

Oldenbarnevelt

• Isn't affraid to take risks
• Wants a truce or peace to repair the country and revive trade cause he's the leader of the merchants-politicians - Regenten
• progressive calvinist.

Last words

“Men, do not believe that I am a traitor. I have acted honestly and piously as a good patriot. And that is how I shall die.”

Do we still use the death penalty in the Netherlands?

1. Yes
2. No

Search on the internet for a country that does still uses the death penalty.

Your opinion about the death penalty

Name two things you've learned today:

3.1 A Republic of Regenten (part 1/2)

Great hall of the States General (The Hague)

What does it look like now?