Les 4: A2ct 25-11-2022 Beeldenstorm en par 2.4

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

What was going on here????

• 1566: Iconoclastic Fury
• Protestant groups destroyed churches  
• Why???

1. Religious convictions
2. Poverty
3. Frustration (Placards 1564)

& What is going on here?...

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• 1566: Compromise of Nobles ('Smeekschrift der Edelen')
• Lower Nobles & Margaret of Parma

Philip's rage

• Philip didn't accept the Compromise of Nobles
• & he wasn't that pleased with the Iconoclastic Fury......
• Duke of Alva 
• Council of Troubles
• Council of blood

Council of blood

2.4 The Dutch Revolt

• Stadtholder William of Orange 
• Fled to Germany
• Paid for a mercenary army
• 1568: First invasion
• Start Dutch revolt
• 1st & 2nd invasions failed

Stadhouder van Holland, Zeeland en Utrecht

The tide turns

• Most cities didn't rise along 
• 1572: Watergeuzen 'capture' Den Briel

Geuzen claimt Den Briel in name of William of Orange because they supported his movement and raised his flag.

Assistance arrived

• When the Geuzen joined William, different cities did too
• 1572: Cities re-appoint William as Stadtholder under Philips II
• Teamwork: Financing William of Orange

Resistance, rebellion and war 

• William's armies VS Alva's armies
• Fortified towns
• Siege

Spanish fury 

• Sieging a city could take weeks
• Filips II was unable to pay mercenaries 
• 1576: Spanish mercenaries raided & burned Antwerp

Antwerp was loyal to spain....

4800 mercenaries

estimated 7000 casulties 

Walloon and German soldiers present in the city, who had been paid to defend the city, joined the Spanish mutineers and joined them.

Spanish fury 

• Sieging a city could take weeks
• Filips II was unable to pay mercenaries 
• 1576: Spanish mercenaries raided & burned Antwerp

“Santiago! España! A sangre, a carne, a fuego, a sacco!”

Drie dagen lang werd de stad geplunderd, arm noch rijk werd gespaard, kleine huizen en stadskastelen werden leeggehaald

Eyewitnesses claim the spanish shouted:

Saint Jacob! Spain! Murder, rape, burn, loot!

Take out your workbooks §2.4: 

• By yourself; make exercises 2, 3, 4.
• After 6 mins: Discuss your answers with your neighbor -> find the best answer
• After 3 mins: class discussion.

1573: Flooding the land

link

When the spanish sieged the city of Leiden in 1573 they nearly starved the city to death, however; the Geuzen came to the rescue  

The Dutch break with Spain

• 1579: Northern provinces sign the Union of Utrecht 
• 1579: Union of Atrecht
• 1581: The unthinkable happens...
• Union of Utrecht signed the Act of Abjuration

formally promising to support each other to fight in the war against Spain

In this act they wrote that Philip 2 had, by oppressing his people and their rights, given up the right to rule the Lower Countries, they declared independence from the king 

Homework Monday 28th 

Make exercises: 

6, 7BC, 8, 9