H4 - Grammar - Modals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 4

H4 - English 

Today's lesson

Check homework

Modals:

Refresher

Explanation

Practise time

Refresher: Modals (hulpwerkwoorden)

1. ________ you speak many languages?
2. I don't know what I'm doing this weekend, but I __________ go to London.
3. I promise I
   __________ call you every day.
4. Smoking is very unhealthy. You _______________ stop it.
5. Michele was sure he
   _________ pass  his exam, so he was amazed when he got such a good result!
6. We couldn't find a hotel room so we ___________  sleep in the car.

Modals

Er zijn twee soorten werkwoorden:

• Hoofdwerkwoorden (verb), zoals walk / work / drive

• Hulpwerkwoorden (modals), zoals can / should / may

De modals nemen een aparte plaats in de grammatica in. Ze zijn met hun subtiele betekenis belangrijk voor een heldere communicatie. 

Onder de modals worden de volgende hulpwerkwoorden gerekend: can, could, may, might, must, should, ought to, have to, need to, will.

• Can / can't
  

Je gebruikt can om te zeggen dat je iets (niet) kunt:

- She can swim.

- We can't pay the rent.

• Could
  

Je gebruikt could om aan te geven dat iets zou kunnen. 

Ook kun je could gebruiken om een beleefde vraag te formuleren:

- They could give you some more information.

- Could you help me for a second, please?

• Must
  

Je gebruikt must als je zelf vindt dat iets zou moeten:

- I must finish this assignment today.

- I must go to the gym now.

• Have to
  

Je gebruikt to have to als iemand anders vindt dat iets moet, en dus NIET omdat jij dat zelf vindt:

- Children under sixteen have to go to school. It's the law.

- Jim has to take two pills every day. That's what they told him at the hospital

• Can/could/may/might
  

Je kunt deze woorden gebruiken om toestemming te vragen:

- Can I go to the bathroom, please?

- Could I use your phone? - is iets beleefder dan can

- May I enter, sir?

- Might I borrow your pen? - is iets beleefder dan may

• Would / wouldn't
  

Je gebruikt would in beleefde vragen of als iets onder bepaalde omstandigheden (wel of niet) zou gebeuren:

- Would you be so kind to carry this bag for me?

- She would never go out on her own.

• Ought to / Should / shouldn't
  

Je gebruikt "should/ought to" om aan te geven dat iemand iets eigenlijk zou moeten doen. 

Je geeft bijvoorbeeld advies of je wilt iets afraden:

- You should/ought to try to get some more exercise.

- You shouldn't go out alone, it's dangerous!

• Will / won't
  

Je gebruikt will als je wilt aangeven of iets in de toekomst gaat gebeuren:

Tomorrow I will take the bus.

- I will be waiting at the bus stop.

- The weak building won't survive another storm.

Je gebruikt will ook als je een voorspelling doet zonder dat je weet dat het ook echt zal gebeuren.

- We have to say goodbye now, but we will meet again!

Refresher: adjust your answers

1. ________ you speak many languages?
   
2. I don't know what I'm doing this weekend, but I __________ go to London.
   
3. I promise I __________ call you every day.
   
4. Smoking is very unhealthy. You _______________ stop it.
   
5. Michele was sure he _________ pass his exam, so he was amazed when he got such a good result!
   
6. We couldn't find a hotel room so we ___________ sleep in the car.
   

Put the answers to the Refresher here:
Modals (hulpwerkwoorden)

1. ________ you speak many languages?

2. I don't know what I'm doing this weekend, but I __________ go to London.

3. I promise I __________ call you every day.

4. Smoking is very unhealthy. You _______________ stop it.

5. Michele was sure he _________ pass his exam, so he was amazed when he got such a good result!

6. We couldn't find a hotel room so we ___________ sleep in the car.

Practise time

Grammar Booklet page 16

Do the Modals exercises

Write a home made sentence using a modal

Finished!

You have Refreshed and Renewed your grammar knowledge

Well done!