Recap unit 3 and 4

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Theme 3: Law and order

          Recap theme 3 and 4

Relative Pronouns

Verwijzen naar een mens (who, whom) of dier/ding (which) of bezit (whose)

Worden gebruikt om extra informatie toe te voegen zonder een nieuwe zin te beginnen

The man is blond. He is my brother. 

--> The man who is blond is my brother.

How to use it??

• who      - als je wilt verwijzen naar personen
• which  - als je verwijst naar dieren en dingen
• that      - als je verwijst naar personen, dieren, dingen
• whose - als je verwijst naar bezit van personen
  

Als er een komma voor who / which staat, kun je het niet vervangen door that

Who en Whom

Who en Whom verwijzen naar mensen. Als je de persoon naar wie je verwijst kunt veranderen in he dan gebruik je who, kun je veranderen in him dan gebruik je whom.

That is the man __ helped me (he helped me) --> who

That is the girl __ I gave flowers (I gave her flowers) --> whom

Whose

Whose verwijst naar bezit. Het is hier niet van belang of je over een mens, dier of ding spreekt.

Do you see that dog whose tail is wagging?

The car whose roof was on fire was pushed into the river.

This is Mary, ...
is taking over my job when I leave.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

He is a famous architect ...
designs won an international award last year.

1. who
2. which
3. that
4. whose

We had spaghetti .... is my favourite meal, for dinner last night.

1. whom
2. whose
3. which
4. who

Passive

Mr. Dessens has bought new shoes.

The student was hit by Mr. Dessens.

I was walking in the forest for hours.

The teacher was fired the other day.

Are you being discriminated against?

Have you ever stolen anything?

Active

Passive

Passive

Passive

Active

Active

Put the words in the correct order to make 1 Active and 1 Passive sentence.

the

problem

is

being

dealt

with

my

stolen

somebody

bicycle

has

new

Waarom Passive?

Beschrijven wat er met het lijdend voorwerp/meewerkend voorwerp in de zin gebeurt. 

Lindy maakt haar huiswerk.

Het huiswerk wordt door Lindy gemaakt.

Wat gedaan wordt verdient meer nadruk dan degene die het doet

2 persons, animals or things

Both:            Both girls admitted cheating on their tests.

Either:          You may borrow either book.

Neither:       You may borrow neither book. I need them myself.

2 or more persons, animals or things

Each:           Each student passed the central exams.

-> emphasis on individual things. 

3 or more persons, animals or things

All:                The suspect admitted to all charges.

Every:          A criminal burgled nearly every house in the street.

None:          None of the missing jewels were recovered. 

Every -> emphasis on the whole. 

 RELATIVE CLAUSES

IMPORTANT:

WHO: for people

WHICH: for animals and things

THAT: for persons, animals & things (informal & not after a comma)

WHOM: for people, after a preposition

WHOSE: for possessive (van wie/wiens)

Present perfect en past simple

Signaal woorden (styf harnasje en waldy):

Present perfect: since, today, yet, for, 

how long, already, recently, never, always, so far, just, ever. 

Past simple: when, ago, last, date (in the past), yesterday.

Difference between present perfect and past simple

• Bij de past simple gebeurde de actie in het verleden en is die af.
  
• Bij de present perfect gebeurt de actie nog steeds of is er een link met het verleden. 

Past Simple or Present Perfect:
I ..... (to read) that book already, it's great!

1. have read
2. read
3. has read
4. reads

Past Simple vs Present Perfect:

In World War 2, people ..... (not - to have) much to eat.

1. have not had
2. didn't have
3. has not have
4. don't have

Past simple vs Present Perfect

She ..... (to see) that movie like 6 times. I ..... (not - to like) it at all though.

1. saw, didn't like
2. has seen, haven't liked
3. has seen, didn't like
4. saw, haven't liked

Present simple

Present continuous 

He is writing a book.

He writes books.

I am studying English

I usually go to bed by 9 o'clock

She does yoga every Monday.

I am calling my best friend.

He plays Fortnite all the time

Objective plus infinitive

Objective = lijdend voorwerp

Infinitive = infinitief, hele werkwoord

I told you to do your homework!

I warned you not to be impolite to an old lady.

They would like me to help them.

He asked her to marry him.

Word order:

Subject- verb- object - infinitive

The end!