1.6: linking words

• Engels
• MBO
• Studiejaar 2

Our goal today

What are linking words and why are they so important for reading/listening

Our goal today

Starter:

What do you already know?

Main course:

Conjuctions explained

Dessert

Practice Kelly Kettle

First exam

Your first exam CE Reading and Listening B1 will take place on:

Why are linking words important?

They are the glue that holds sentences together (connect, compare, contrast)

Linking words show the relation between different words to express much greater meaning.

Uitleg geven over linkers en de link leggen naar het leesexamen.

What do you already know?

________ the basement flooded,
we spent all day cleaning up.

1. After
2. Although
3. Before
4. Even if

The basement flooded, ________
we spent all day cleaning up.

1. after
2. although
3. so
4. even if

I don’t want to go to the movies, _________ I hate the smell of popcorn.

1. although
2. because
3. whenever
4. so that

I want to go to the movies,
_________ I hate the smell of popcorn.

1. that's why
2. because
3. whenever
4. even though

___________ spring arrives,
we have to be prepared for more snow.

1. Although
2. Because
3. Now that
4. Until

_____________ the alarm goes off,
I hit the snooze button.

1. Because
2. As soon as
3. Before
4. Now that

Conjunctions explained

opsomming

• and (en) - He likes playing football and tennis. 

• both... and (zowel....als) - He likes playing both football and tennis.

keuze

• or (of) - Do you want peanut butter or cheese on your sandwich?

• either ... or (of...of) - Would you either like the peanut butter or the cheese? 

gevolg

• so (dus) - He kissed another girl so I broke up with him. 
• so that (zodat) - Provide detailed information so that we can replicate the problem.

reden / oorzaak

• because (omdat) - I like to eat chocolate because it tastes good. 
• as (omdat) - As you haven't eaten yet, let's have dinner now.
• for (want) - I'm going to eat a snack, for I'm hungry.
• since (aangezien) - I'll wear a raincoat, since it looks like it's going to rain.

Tegenstelling

• but (maar) - I don't give money to people but I will for you. 

• although (hoewel / alhoewel) - He still failed though / although he studied really hard.
• even though (ondanks dat) - I'll take the medicine, though even though I hate the taste.
  
• however (echter) - They have a lot of money, however, they still live in a terraced house.

tijd

• as - As I was leaving, the phone rang.
• as soon as (zodra) - I'm eating that cake as soon as they're out the door.

• until (tot, todat) - you are grounded until you start behaving!

• when (wanneer) -  She was serious when she asked him to marry her.

Voorwaarde

• if (als) - I will call my mum if I need help with anything.

• unless (tenzij) - Sheryl will go out unless her mum stops her.

Sentences without conjunctions.

It's better to save money. Don't spend it all immediately. Think about the future. You might need to save. You can buy a house. It's tempting to spend it now. Don't. Be responsible.

Same story with conjunctions.

It's better to save money. Don't spend it all immediately. Think about the future. You might need to save. You can buy a house. It's tempting to spend it now. Don't. Be responsible.

It's better to save money than spend it all immediately. Think about the future because you might need to save so that you can buy a house. Even though it's tempting to spend it now, you shouldn't; instead, you should be responsible.

Add conjunction to this story!

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You see 7 sentences:

reduce them to three.

Use these linkers:

Red sentence: 

both......and

Black sentence:

even though........and

White sentence: 

whilst

Why use conjunctions?

This is an example of a text without conjunctions. You need 7 sentences to give the information. 

Werkblad staat in lesplanner.

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Rewrite this sentence using the linkers:

Both............and

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Rewrite this sentence using the linkers:

Even though............and

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Rewrite this sentence using the linker:

Whilst

Same story with conjunctions.

We use first party cookies to personalise web content. We also use third-party cookies. Cookies can be annoying. They are useful to analyse visits to our websites. We use cookies to tailor advertisements. Some of these cookies are necessary for the website to function. Others require your consent. 

We use both first and third-party cookies to personalise web content. Even though cookies can be annoying, they are useful to analyse visits to our websites and tailor advertisements. Some of these cookies are necessary for the website to function, whilst others require your consent. 

RED = 7 sentences.

GREEN = 3 sentences.

Students in the Economic department have to be able to write an email using sentences with conjunctions!

Facet practice.

Kelly Kettle on paper

Answers

Kelly Kettle:

1. B

2. AAAB

3.C

4.B