Mars mission

• Natuurkunde
• Middelbare school
• Voortgezet speciaal onderwijs
• havo
• Leerroute H
• Leerjaar 2

Mars mission

introductie

beoordeling

A: Een toets over de lesstof en opdrachten

B: Punten voor je reisverslag

Lesson 1: the solar system

mainquestion: what makes a planet habitable

B: What requirements must a planet or moon meet in order to live on it?

B: A suitable atmosphere, firm ground, not too high or low temperature, not too low or high gravity

C: Answered question about 1 planet with information you understand yourself.

D: Mars most closely matches the requirements of question B

Lesson 2: The characteristics of a habitle planet

mainquestion: what is the difference in airpressure on Earth, Mars and Venus

The atmosphere on Venus is much thicker than on Earth

The atmosphere on Mars is much thinner than on Earth

A: Wat een de atmosfeer?

• Pressure is a measure of the force exerted on a given surface.
• Pressure is measured in pascals (Pa) or kilopascals (kPa).

• Atmospheric Pressure: The pressure exerted by the atmosphere on the surface of the Earth
• Atmospheric pressure is measured in hectopascals (hPa) or Bar . Here on Earth at sea level, the atmospheric pressure is 1 bar or 1000 hPa.

havo/vwo

Fomula for pressure

force F is expressed in Newton N

it takes 1 N to lift a 100 g.

zelfstandig werken

Les 2

today

• Check and correct lesson 2
• Introduction lesson 3: Protection in space
• Practical lesson isolation
• Finishing lesson 3 

check and correct lesson 2

A a) What is an atmosphere?

• A composition of gases held around the planet by gravity

b) Name 3 properties of the Earth's atmosphere that make life on Earth possible

• 1: keep the right temperature
• 2: the presence of oxygen and carbon dioxide to enable photosynthesis
• 3: protection of radiation and impact of astroides 

B a) what is the composition of the gases on Earth, Venus and Mars?

• a) See diagram

b) Compare the composition of Venus and Mars with that of Earth. What problems do you expect to make life possible there?

• No oxygen an carbon dioxide, no photosynthesis

• Venus 90 bar en de aarde 1 bar, dat is 90 keer meer druk

part 2

A: Why is it better to speak of atmospheric pressure than air pressure on the planet Venus?

• There is no air on Venus

B: Your bicycle tire has a surface area of 0.1 m² and the air in the bicycle tire presses with 40,000 N.

Calculate the pressure (p) in your bicycle tire.

C: What happens to the pressure if the force remains the same and the surface area becomes smaller?

• The pressure is increasing

D: The air pressure on Earth is quite high, it presses on your body. This air pressure can be compared to 1 kg on every cm² of your body.

a) Why don't you feel this air pressure?

• Your body gives an equal counter-pressure. (presses back)

Suppose your belly is 15 cm wide and 30 cm long.

b) How many kg is the air pressure on your abdomen comparable to?

• 15cm x 30cm = 450cm² x 1kg = 450kg

Calculate the pressure in Pascal. The Force F in this situation is 10 N

• P = 10 N : 0.0001 m² = 100 000 Pa = 1000 hPa. (P = F : A)

Compare your answer with the average air pressure on Earth. (use internet). What is your conclusion?

• The air pressure on Earth is around 1000 hPa at sea level like the example of 1kg per cm²

F: How many times greater is the atmospheric pressure on Venus than on Earth?Mars 

• 9300 kPa : 101 kPa = 92 times greater

E: How many times smaller is the atmospheric pressure on Mars than on Earth?

• 101 kPa : 0,64 kPa = 158 times smaller

F: What is the force F on your belly from question D if you are on Mars?

• 450 kg : 158 = 2,8 kg/cm² or
• 1000 hPa : 158 = 6,3 hPa

E: View both demo tests (demonstration and/or videos)

a) Explain what happens in both experiments. Use the following terms:

- Force

- Pressure

- Surface

- Vacuum

b) Compare the experiments with the influence of the atmospheric pressure of Mars and Venus on humans. Name similarities and differences.

• On Mars, the air pressure outside the body or outside the balloon is less than inside the balloon. In the test, the air around the balloon was sucked out and a vacuum was created. The force on the surface is greater from the inside than from the outside. Differences: On Mars there is no vacuum, only a much thinner atmosphere
• On Venus, the air pressure outside the body or outside the can is greater than inside the can. The force on the surface is smaller from the inside than from the outside. This causes the can to implode.