2122_Study of language_week1

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Study of Language week 1

Have you always wanted to know...

• whether animals can talk?
  
• whether it is true than women talk more than men?
  
• why some words in different languages appear to be so similar?
  
• why the Chinese write with other “letters” than we do?
  
• what the differences are between a language, a dialect and an accent?
  
• how deaf people communicate?
  
• where words come from?
  
• why teenagers do not want adults to sound like them?
  
• why tomorrow never comes?
  
• how you can analyse the structure of a word?
  
• whether it is true that the Eskimos have so many words for snow….?

General aims & test

• The student has insight into general linguistics, sociolinguistics and historical insights based on the theories of applied linguistics.
  
• The student knows the substance-related linguistic terminology and can recognize and apply his/her knowledge on examples from the target language.
  
• The student understands the importance of linguistic knowledge and sees the link between linguistic knowledge and the teaching of the target language.
  

Planning

provisional planner

2.1	1	ch. 1 + 5	origins + word formation
2.2	2	ch. 6 + 9	morphology + semantics
2.3	3	ch. 10 + 11	pragmatics + discourse
2.5	4	ch. 17	lang. history & change
2.7	5	ch. 18	regional variation
2.8	6	ch. 19 + choice ch.	social variation + choice
2.9	exam

The Origin of Language  (chapter 1) 

Learning aims:

• You know a number of theories on the origin of language and you understand the ideas behind these theories. 
  

Why are there so many theories about the origins of speech?

1. Because we don't know anything about the origins of writing either
2. Because there is no evidence of how human started to develop the capability of speaking
3. Because there are so many different languages
4. Because speaking is the most difficult skill

divine source

natural sounds

social interaction

physical adaptation

tool making source

genetic source

social interaction source:

yo-he-ho theory

the physical adaptation  

source

the genetic source

The natural sound  

source: 

the pooh-pooh theory

the natural sound source:

the bow-wow theory

the tool-making source

The divine source

Some people find it hard to believe that onomatopeic words would be the source of language. Why?

1. because abstract concepts have no sound
2. because not all animals make sounds
3. because not all emotions are expressed with interjections
4. because the sounds animals make are different in different languages

In the story of the Tower of Babel, God punished the people by making them all speak different languages. This seems connected to both the divine theory and .....

1. the natural sound source (emotions)
2. the social interaction source
3. the genetic source
4. the tool making source

The physical adaptation source claims that the human body has features that favour the use of speech. Which one(s) particularly?

1. teeth and lips
2. mouth and tongue
3. larynx and pharynx
4. all of these

Just checking...

Learning aims chapter 1:

• You know a number of theories on the origin of language and you understand the ideas behind these theories. 
  

Word Formation (chapter 5)

Learning aims:

• You know the main processes involved in the introduction of new words into a language.
  
• You can link these processes to examples.
  

borrowing/

loan translation

clipping/

hypocorism

back-formation

compounding/

blending

conversion

coinage/

eponyms

acronyms

derivation

add a prefix
and/or a suffix
to the word FRIEND

In this example Shakespeare uses which process on the word "glove":
A scaly gauntlet ... / Must glove this hand

1. conversion
2. back-formation
3. clipping
4. loan-translation

Which of these English words was NOT borrowed from Dutch?

1. mannequin
2. boss
3. frolic
4. origin

The verb "to milkshake (milkshaking)" emerged in 2019. Which 2 processes formed this word?

1. compounding + derivation
2. compounding + conversion
3. backformation + conversion
4. backformation + derivation

eponym

coinage

acronyms

teddy bear

NASA

asperine

scuba

band-aid

sadistic

clipping

hypocorism

backformation

to donate

hanky

ad

Hey Danny, can you bring your esky to the barbie? My rellies are coming over.

fridge

destruct

borrowing

Loan-Translation

Compounding

Blending

conversion

derivation

homeless

butter

infotainment

yoghurt

perros calientes

suitcase

Just checking....

Learning aims chapter 5:

• You know the main processes involved in the introduction of new words into a language.
  
• You can link these processes to examples.
  

Follow-up

• re-read or study chapter 1 & 5
• Prepare for next week's lesson by studying chapter 6 & 9
• read the information on #OO