Year 2 Period 3 Grammar (some, any, adverbs, reflexive pronouns, modals)

• eng
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

GRAMMAR YEAR 2 PERIOD 3

TODAY 2H

1. Quick grammar revision

2. Go to WIRED - complete Leerblad (PW- Thursday!)

3. Quizlet - words

Grammar P3

- Quantifiers (some, any, much, many...)

- Modals (must, should, have to...)

- Adverbs (beautiful->beautifully)

- reflexive pronouns (myself, yourself...)

Check your notes!

1. Quantifiers (some/any, much/many, lots of)

1. Countable vs uncountable nouns

TEST: Countable (C) or Uncountable (U)?

1. Coffee 

2. University

3. Hair

4. Vegetables

5. Advice

6. Information

7. Sugar

8. People

Food for thought?

• If we are baking a cake how do we know how much sugar to put in the batter if we cannot count it??
  
  
• 2 spoons of sugar
• a cup of sugar
• Some sugar
• A lot of sugar
• Too much sugar

QUANTIFIERS!

QUANTIFIERS: Any or Some

1. Bevestigende zin -> SOME

(+) I need to add some flour.

2. Ontkennende en vragende zin -> ANY

(-) I don't need to add any flour.

(?) Do I need to add any flour.

Exceptions:

SOME

- Is it an offer or request? / You expect the answer to be a 'YES'

(?) Would you like some tea?

ANY

- When it doesn't matter which

(+) You can sit on any chair you'd like.

Some of any?

Some: gewone zinnen OF vragen waarin je iets aanbiedt OF vragen waarvan je verwacht dat het antwoord JA gaat zijn (verzoek).

Examples: I would like some bread, please.

Would you like some bread?

Could I have  some water please?

Any: negatieve zinnen OF alle andere vragen

I don't have any questions.

Does she have any idea of the surprise party?

Some or any?
Do you have ... money?

1. some
2. any

I would love ... water please.

1. some
2. any

Is there ... cheese left in the fridge?

1. some
2. any

We don't have ... time left.

1. some
2. any

Some or any?
Would you like ... tea?

1. some
2. any

Some or any?
Could you give me ... space please? I am not feeling well.

1. some
2. any

A LOT OF/LOTS OF

Bevestigende zin -> A lot of/lots of

(C and U nouns)

I have a lot of cars & I have lots of flour

MANY/MUCH

MANY	MUCH
Countable nouns (C)	Uncountable nouns (U)
many cars, many houses, many mice (?) How many cats did you see? (-) There aren't many hours left. (+) There are too many houses being sold.	Much flour, much sugar, much water (?) How much flour do I have to add? (-) I don't have much water left. (+) There is so much sugar in my coffee. Too much.

What is the difference between much and many?

How _____ money do you have left?

Lisa has _______ figurines at home.

James doesn't like ____ people at his house.

How ______ pairs of shoes do you have?

Exercises 

SOME ANY https://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/exercises/confusing_words/some_any.htm

SOME/ANY/MUCH/MANY

https://www.englishgrammar.org/grammar-exercise-25/

2. Modal Verbs

• What are modal verbs?
  
• - Are words which add information
• 
  
• For example:
  
• 1. We must get on time to the classroom.
  
• 2. Students should revise their school material every day.

Verplichting

advies

2. Modal Verbs - should, must, have to

• What are modal verbs?
  
• - Are words which add information
• 
  
• For example:
  
• 1. We must get on time to the classroom.
  
• 2. Students should revise their school material every day.

Verplichting

advies

3. HAVE TO

Modal verb HAVE TO needs a verb!

- In combination with MAY, WILL, WOULD

If I test positive, I won't have to go to school.

I have to take a rapid test 2x every week.

verplichting

MUST vs HAVE TO

By Law obligatory, it's important = MUST	General rule = HAVE TO
You must go to school until you' re 15 years old.	Dad said I have to eat all the vegetables on my place.
You mustn't smoke on school's property.	I had to close the door because it was too loud.

DO:

https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-99192.php

Exercise: MUST, SHOULD, HAVE TO (shouldn't/mustn't...)

1. I __________ go to an interview tomorrow

2. Fire regulations say you __________ leave the building immediately if you hear the fire alarm.

3. If you like Impressionist art you __________ visit the Musée d’Orsay in Paris.

4. There’s a free 30-day trial period, so you __________ pay anything for the

first month.

5. You __________ enter the operating room without wearing protective gear.

6. I haven’t seen you for ages! We __________ meet up soon.

7. I’m exhausted! I __________ work every weekend last month.

8. You __________ bring that up during the board meeting.

9. Daniel __________ cut down on his expenses since he lost his job last month.

What is the difference?

I can sing (very well). 

• ability (bekwaam)

vs

I can sing (at my cousin's wedding). 

• permission (toestemming)

Modal verbs – insert: can / can’t / should / shouldn’t / must / mustn’t / might / may

1. Students ________________ put their phone away when in the classroom.

2. I __________________ make fun of my friends.

3. _________________ I go to the bathroom?

4. Students __________________ cheat during the test.

5. Daniel _____________ speak Chinese but he ___________ speak Dutch.

6. It _______________ rain today.

Modal Verbs (MUST, HAVE TO, SHOULD)

1. Luke's parents __________ call the school. He is staying home today because he is ill.

2. The bars _________ be open after 22:00. They will get a fine if they stay open.

3. I have been gaining weight. Maybe I _________ eat more healthily.

3. Adjectives and Adverbs

Parts of speech:

NOUN (zelfstandige naamwoorden)-> names, animals, things, ideas...

(Jane, pigs, a table, love) -> WHO or WHAT

VERBS (werkwoorden) -> Describe what we are doing

(I am running, we talked for hours, they are moving ...)

ADJECTIVES (bijvoegelijke naamwoorden) -> Give more information on the nouns

(a tall person, fat pigs, a yellow table, beautiful love)

ADVERBS (bijwoorden)-> Describes a verb, an adjective or another adverb

(I quickly opened the present, I am extremely tired)

ADJECTIVES

Tell us something about

- the NOUN

(a tall person, fat pigs, a yellow table, beautiful love)

ADVERBS

Tell us something about:

- a verb

- an adjective

- another adverb

Usually they have -LY at the end of the word

(prettily, beautifully, happily, amazingly)

ADJECTIVES vs ADVERBS

- Beautiful (adj)-> beautifully (adv)

She is a beautiful person. She sings beautifully.

- Healthy (adj) -> Healthily (adv)

McDonalds does not have healthy snacks. I want to eat healthily.

- Extreme (adj) -> extremely (adv)

In Alaska they experience extreme temperatures. It gets extremely cold.

You have said that extremely convincingly. 

Watch out!!

After some verbs like:

be, feel, see, look, smell, seem

there's AN ADJECTIVE (not an adverb!)

- I am healthy.

- I feel bad. 

- She seems loud. 

UITZONDERING!!

• 1. I am a good singer. -> I sing goodly well. 
• 2. I have a fast car. -> I drive fast.
• 
  
• 3. This work is hard. ->
• a. I work hard. 
• b. I hardly work.

Is it an adjective or an adverb? Complete the gaps.

1. He reads a book _________________. (quick)

2. Mandy is a ______________________________ girl. (pretty)

3. The class is _________________________________ loud today. (terrible)

4. Max is a ________________________________ singer. (good)

5. You can _______________________________ open this tin. (easy)

6. It's a ____________________________________ day today. (terrible)

7. How are you doing? I am doing __________________________ (good).

8. He is a _____________________________________ driver. (careful)

9. He drives the car ________________________________________. (careful)

10. The dog barks _______________________________________________. (loud)

Reflexive pronouns

myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself

ourselves, yourselves, themselves

Peter is playing hide and seek. He'll try to hide HIM/HIMSELF in the closet.

Do both sentences mean the same??

When we want to refer back to WHO are we talking about

• 1. I am playing hide and seek. I'll try to hide _______ in the closet.
• 2.  Peter is playing hide and seek. He'll try to hide ___________ in the closet.
• 3. We are playing hide and seek. We'll try to hide ___________ in the closet.
• 
  
• The wound will heal ________ in a week or two.
• Could Maria and Jack behave ___________?

Reflexive pronouns practice

1. Hello, let me introduce___________ . I'm Barry Jones, the school director.

2. Thanks for a great weekend. We really enjoyed ___________.

3. Even though she's nearly a hundred, my grandmother still dresses____________ .

4. If you don't use the computer for ten minutes, it'll turn ______________ off.

5. Theo cut ________________ when he was shaving this morning.

6. Please be careful with that knife! You'll hurt _______________ .

7. Ron's parents blamed ______________ when he went to prison.

8. Ladies and gentlemen, you must prepare _________________ for some bad news