Complete the text by using the following key terms:
Treaty of Tordesillas - Aztecs - Incas - conquistadores -
indigenous people - viceroy - hacienda - plantations - encomienda
Spain ruled the New World after the
(1) divided it between Spain and Portugal.
(2), like Hernán Cortés and Francisco Pizarro, conquered powerful empires like the
(3) and
(4). They claimed land and resources, often exploiting
(5) through the
(6) system, which forced them into labour. The Spanish established large estates called
(7) and
(8) for agriculture. To govern these territories, a
(9) represented the Spanish crown, overseeing administration and colonial rule in the vast territories of the Americas.