4.1 From city to world empire 2324

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• Leerjaar 1

4.1 From city to world empire

Success criteria

You can explain:

• How Rome was governed first
• How Rome started to conquer areas
• How Rome became a world empire and how the empire was governed

From kingdom to republic

• Rome was a city-state with a cruel king (monarchy) until 509 B.C.
  
• The king was driven away and Rome became a republic
  
• The republic was ruled by the nobility
• They took decisions in the senate
• Two elected consuls carried out the administration.

Roman conquest

• With their strong army, Rome subdued other city-states
  
• The residents were often allowed to continue to govern themselves
• They had to pay taxes and supply soldiers to Rome
• With this, the Romans could make their army even stronger

Roman provinces

Through the conquests Rome became huge

It was divided into provinces for better governance.

In each province a governor was in charge with 4 tasks:

Taxing the population

1

He was the judge

2

Commanding the army in the province

3

Ensuring order and safety together with civil servants

4

Practice with 

Assignment 3 and 5 from 4.1

Roman Society

Week 2

Success criteria

You can explain:

• How civil wars led to the imperial period
• How emperors brought peace to the empire

Outcome feedback

In general: positive 

You prefer to do more in lessons, more creative assignments

Preferably in groups

Therefore!

Civil wars

• Army leaders became more and more powerful because the soldiers were loyal to them
• Some went against the senate, this led to war
• Such a war within a state is a civil war

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Julius Caesar

• One of these army leaders was Julius Caesar
  
• He had conquered France, Belgium and the southern Netherlands
  
• He became dictator (tyrant) in 44 BC but was assassinated by enemies in the Senate

Video

The Rubicon

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Video

The murder of Caesar

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Week 4

Homework: final claims about Emperor Augustus

Lesson goal: Finish Chapter 4 about Rome

Prepare for test and discuss previous test

Emperor Augustus

• After Caesar's death there was another civil war
  
• This was won by Octavian, Caesar's second cousin
  
• He was given the title of Augustus (the Exalted)
  
• He put an end to the republic and became the first emperor in 27 BC.

He was like a god above the people, he was exalted

Rome was nu een keizerrijk. De keizer had alle macht en was een soort van koning.

Pax Romana

• Means: Roman Peace
  
• Roman emperors expanded the empire
  
• The empire had natural borders that were guarded by legions
  
• So there was 200 years of peace within the empire

Pax Romana

Search your book for 3 reasons why there was a Pax Romana

Use these 3 reasons to explain why the Pax Romana ended

Romanisation

• =Locals slowly become more Roman citizens
• Germanic tribes copy a lot from the Romans.
• Germans could become Roman citizens after 25 of service in the army.

Practice question

Give an explanation why Romanisation was more succesful in Western Europe than in Eastern Europe

Goals for today

At the end of the day...

• Understand a few of the characteristics of Roman Culture.
• Understand why Roman culture spread throughout the Roman Empire.

The Fall of the Roman Empire

What was the strenght of the Roman Empire? Find out why the Pax Romana was such a good period

The fall after 200 AD

Why did the Roman Empire become weakened?