1.3 Humanism and the Reformation

• History
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

5. The Time of Discoverers and Reformers

CH 1.3 the reformation

people in this lesson

Martin Luther

Frederik of Saxony

emperor Charles V

John Calvin

Desiderius Erasmus

Charles V

WHY WAS CHARLES V's EMPIRE CALLED:

"HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE"?

Charles made a deal with the pope:

Charles accepted the pope as the spiritual leader of his empire

The pope granted Charles the power of a Roman emperor

(Caesar = Kaiser = Emperor)

So

HOLY: because it was Catholic. 

ROMAN: because Charles was as powerful as a Roman emperor

EMPIRE: well, because it was an empire

01:40

Statement 1: Before Luther, there was only one Christian Church:
the Catholic Church.
Statement 2: After Luther, the Catholic Church was replaced by many
different Protestant Churches

1. Both statements are true
2. Both statements are false
3. Only Statement 1 is true
4. Only statement 2 is true

03:31

What is "biechten" in English?

1. to confess
2. to conquer
3. to confiscate
4. to condemn

03:31

How could people avoid being sent to hell after they died?

04:30

What does Luther see in Rome that irritates him?

priests spend too much time praying

the clergy live too luxuriously

people worship relics

people refuse to worship the pope

clerics are sleeping with women

people worship images of saints

05:42

What is "aflaat" in English?

1. intolerance
2. infidel
3. offleave
4. indulgence

05:42

By buying an indulgence you would got:

1. to spend less years in hell
2. a ticket to Heaven
3. a free ticket to Rome
4. special treatment when you died

07:17

Luther's 95 theses were actually 95:

1. wishes Luther wanted to pope to give him
2. compliments about the pope
3. complaints about the behavior of the Catholic Church
4. complaints about the lifestyle of the pope

07:17

Luther wanted everybody to read his 95 theses so:

statement 1: people would reject the pope and start a new religion
statement 2: the Church would change the bad things

1. both statements are correct
2. both statements are wrong
3. only statement 1 is correct
4. only statement 2 is correct

07:31

What's the English word for "ketter"?

1. cetter
2. heretic
3. infidel
4. lunatic

08:50

Who was the emperor of the German Empire?

1. Charlemagne
2. Charles V
3. Louis XIV
4. Philip II

10:17

What did the emperor hope that Luther would say?

1. that he was sorry for his writings
2. that he was sorry for starting a new religion
3. that he was sorry for buying indulgences
4. that he was sorry for burning the pope's letter

12:29

a heretic (ketter) was someone who had a different opinion about Christianity than the official views of the Catholic Church

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

14:08

Put the events in the correct chronological order

Luther must appear before the Emperor

Luther visits Rome

Luther writes his 95 theses

Luther translates the Bible into German

Luther burns the pope's letter

Luther's actions

The spread of protestantism

Charles V could not prevent protestantism to spread across his empire:

1. Luther had many followers (Lutherans)in Northern Germany
2. Calvin had many followers (Calvinists) in the Netherlands 

The Inquisition

Charles V saw protestants as HERETICS (ketters) who needed to be STOPPED.

To do this Charles V gave more power to the INQUISITION.

The Inquisition was a special department of the Catholic Church that focused on dealing with heretics.

HOW?

The Inquisition

Inquisition comes from "inquiry" (onderzoek).

Inquisitors were special Catholic monks who dealt with finding, arresting and punishing heretics.

To punish a heretic the inquisitors did not need PROOF, but a CONFESSION. And they used TORTURE to get this confession.

After the prisoner had confessed he could be publically punished, which often meant being burned alive.