Gerund and to infinitive vh3

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 3

GERUND CLASS 3

Lesson goals

- You know the difference between the gerund and to+infinitive

- You can correctly use the gerund and to+infinitive in the exercises

Examples - Gerund

Eating fruit is really healthy. 

I am sorry for using your phone. 

I can't stand looking at my ugly English teacher. 

She has to quit watching Netflix until 3am. 

Playing football is my favourite thing to do. 

Use the -ing form in a sentence, but it can't be a verb!

GERUND

HELE WERKWOORD + ING

De GERUND is een werkwoord dat gebruikt wordt als een zelfstandig naamwoord.

VB: 
Smoking is bad for your health.

INFINITIVE

TO + HELE WERKWOORD

Het INFINITIVE is het hele werkwoord met 'to'.

VB: 
I promised to help him tonight.

GERUND

You use the gerund (werkwoord + ing)…

…after certain verbs: enjoy, discuss, dislike, finish, keep, give up, go on, mind, avoid, fancy, finish, keep, quit, suggest.

 We have to avoid being caught by the police.

Do you mind watching that movie tonight?

You need to quit bullying your little brother!

GERUND

…after prepositions: on, in, at, before, after, for, of, to, against, about, from, with, etc.

I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.

 We have always been against testing drugs on animals. 

GERUND

…as the subject (onderwerp) or object (lijdend/meewerkend voorwerp) of a sentence:

Watching ‘Modern Family’ is my guilty pleasure. (subject)

 She hates going to school. (object)

GERUND

…after certain phrases: can’t stand, it is no use, it is no good, can’t help

VB: 

I just can’t help falling in love with you.

It’s no use listening to this politician.

TO + INFINITIVE

You use to + infinitive (to + hele werkwoord)…

…after certain verbs: agree, ask, decide, help, plan, hope, learn, want, would like, promise.

VB: 

I promised to help him tonight.

 We decided to go home before the movie had ended. 

TO + INFINITIVE

…after many adjectives: difficult, hard, awkward, etc

VB: 

It is very difficult to tackle this problem.

Why is it so hard to speak French fluently?

Thank you for ... my room!

1. to clean
2. cleaning

I had to give up ... football because of an injury.

1. to play
2. playing

Gijs can't stand ... soap series. He hates them.

1. to watch
2. watching

Melle promised ... me with my homework. Such a sweet boy.

1. to help
2. helping

Why is it so difficult ... to what I've got to say?!

1. to listen
2. listening

... Feyenoord is one of the things Kay loves most.

1. to watch
2. watching

Don't give up! Just keep ... for your keys!

1. to look
2. looking

I have never been good at ... French.

1. to speak
2. speaking

They agreed ... to suitcases upstairs to help the old man.

1. to carry
2. carrying

I would like ... you to my birthday party.

1. to invite
2. inviting

Think of a sentence using the GERUND

Think of a sentence using TO+INFINITIVE

I understand the difference between the GERUND and TO+INFINITIVE

YES

NO

Homework

Exercise 31A+B p.56

Read Countries & Cultures p.58