Tijdvak 6 - regenten en vorsten - les 8
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Remember the Inquisition?
4.4 A turbulent uprising
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Planning
Remember the Inquisition?
4.4 A turbulent uprising
Working in on your assignments, or study for the test
Slide 1 - Diapositive
Back to Charles V
Charles was not very happy with the development
of Protestantism in his territory.
He was of course a very Catholic man!
To protect the Catholic faith he sets up the inquisition.
This makes it possible to persecute and punish
heretics. Many protestants were executed.
Speciale kerkelijke rechtbank voor het vervolgen van ketters. Ketters zijn gelovigen die luther of calvijn volgen en dus niet (meer) het Katholieke geloof.
Slide 2 - Diapositive
A clash with a new king
Charles V' dies and Philip II takes over. He is nog very popular with the Dutch people because of 3 things:
1. Philip II sees himself as a true defender of the faith and is even more ruthless against protestants.
1. Philip II sees himself as a true defender of the faith and is even more ruthless against protestants.
2. Phillip likes to rage war. Many citizens are extremely angry about the new and higher taxes that now have to be paid.
3. Philip II tries to continue the centralization project Charles V started. Many provinces and noblemen are afraid they will lose their privileges.
Slide 3 - Diapositive
A clash with a new king
Philip sends loyal spanish nobles to the Netherlands to take over important govenrment functions. His half sister Maragaret of Parm becomes viceroy.
Philip tries very hard to prosecute the protestants with much violence. But more and more people desert the Catholic faith and become protestant!
Slide 4 - Diapositive
Iconoclastic Fury
In April 1566 hundreds of nobles marched on the palace of Margaret of Parma (governor). They wanted her to stop the persecution (vervolging) of Protestants. The governor temporarily (tijdelijk) ended the prosecutions. Calvinists openly start hedge-preaching (hagenpreken).
Slide 5 - Diapositive
Iconoclastic Fury
During one of these hedge-preachings a preacher in Flanders raged about he worshipping of saints, a Catholic tradition. Calvinists took action immediately and started to smash all the statues in the nearest monastery (klooster). This is the beginning of the Iconoclastic Fury (Beeldenstorm).
Slide 6 - Diapositive
Moving on..
The revolt begins..
The iconoclastic fury angered Philip. He sent the Duke (hertog) of Alva to the Netherlands with an army.
Alva wanted to mercilessly (genadeloos) punish all the perpatrators (daders) of the fury.
He sentenced hundreds of people to death.
Slide 7 - Diapositive
The Dutch Revolt
Many nobles fled to Germany or France, among them was William of Orange, stadholder of Utrecht, Holland and Zeeland. William planned an attack on Alva and his army and by doing so he started the Dutch revolt or the Eighty years' war (1568-1648)
However this attack failed and the order was restored for a short time.
Slide 8 - Diapositive
The Dutch Revolt
Some fanatic calvinists had fled to the sea, calling themselves 'Sea beggars' (watergeuzen). On April 1st 1572 they conquered the port of Den Briel. William of Orange returned to Holland to lead the revolt.
In december 1572 Spanish troops marched on holland again. The city of Naarden surrendered quickly.
Slide 9 - Diapositive
massacre of Naarden
1572
Spanish troops massacred the whole town, including the children.
This action caused more resistance among the Dutch.
Slide 10 - Diapositive
Work independently
4.1: 1b, 2a, 2b, 2c, 3a, 3b, 6a, 6b
4.2: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5a, 6
4.3: 1, 2, 3b, 4, 5a, 6a, 7a
4.4: 1, 2b, 2c, 3, 4a, 5, 6, 7
