4V Unit 3+4 Revision (Students' version)

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 4

Unit 3+4 Grammar

Revision

1. Independently revise grammar
(consult the LessonUP / textbook)

2. do assignments => grammar unit 3+4; vocabulary unit 3+4; passive print out

IN YOUR OWN PACE! 

On Friday = practice listening and watching

Wednesday = test

' Normal' Conditionals 

Mixed conditionals!

Alternatives to IF

Cleft sentence: a complex sentence (one having a main clause and a dependent clause) that has a meaning that could be expressed by a simple sentence.

Emphasise

-> SHEILA

Boosting (p.43)

Passive

What is the difference between these two sentences??

We took our children to the circus yesterday. 

Our children were taken to the circus yesterday.

Result      --------->

What is the difference between these two sentences??

We took our children to the circus yesterday. 

• -> we know and we think it's important to know WHO took the children to the circus
• Active voice

Our children were taken to the circus yesterday (by us).

• -> We don't care/don't know who took the children to the circus
• Passive voice

Result      --------->

What is the difference between these two sentences??

We took our children to the circus yesterday. 

• Our children were taken to the circus yesterday (by us)

We take our children to the circus every day.

• Our children are taken to the circus every day (by us). 

• PAST vs PRESENT

EXAMPLE SENTENCE

PRESENT SIMPLE PASSIVE

Active: John collects money.

1. See WHO did it: 

JOHN

2. WHAT did he DO (verb) & tense: COLLECTS (present simple!)

3. What is the OBJECT?

MONEY

------

4. Object in the beginning: Money

5. VERB be in present simple: is

6. Verb 3de rijtje: collected

Passive: Money is collected (by John). 

PAST SIMPLE PASSIVE:

Active: John collected money.

1. See WHO did it: 

JOHN

2. WHAT did he DO (verb) & tense: COLLECTED (past simple!)

3. What is the OBJECT?

MONEY

------

4. Object in the beginning: Money

5. VERB be in present simple: was

6. Verb 3de rijtje: collected

Passive: Money was collected (by John). 

PRESENT PERFECT PASSIVE!! (Has/have been!!)

Active: John has collected money,

Passive: The money has been collected by John. 

PRESENT/PAST CONTINUOUS PASSIVE!! (being!)

Active: John is/was collecting money,

Passive: The money is/was being collected by John. 

All tenses!

WHY passive voice?

1. When we do not know WHO did it

My car was stolen yesterday.

2. When it does not matter WHO did it (the activity is more important than the person who did it)

The president was sworn in on a cold January morning.

3. Scientific texts (we are describing a process for example...)
The rat was placed into a maze.

Exercise - from active to passive voice

Or passive to active

1. The secretary opens the mail every morning.

• The mail is opened every morning.

2. The flowers are being watered right now.

• A gardener is watering the flowers right now.

3. Heavy rain had caused the flood.

• The food had been caused by a heavy rain.

4. The evidence was being examined.

• The police was examining the evidence. 

Complete:

Grammar unit 3+4 print out

+ passive print out