English writing - Linking words / Conjunctions

• Engels
• MBO
• Studiejaar 2

Linking words / conjunctions.

Today's lesson

1) Vocabulary

2) Linking words/Conjunctions
2) Vocabulary game

   

   

   

Pharmacy		Ailments
Bruises		Appetite
Ointment		Clots (in veins)
Panic disorder		Pneumonia
Nauseous		Coroner
Vigorous cough		Syringe
Insomnia		Prescription

Pharmacy	Apotheek	Ailments	Kwaaltjes
Bruise	Blauwe plek	Appetite	Eetlust
Ointment	Zalf	Clots (in veins)	Bloedproppen
Panic disorder	Paniekstoornis	Pneumonia	Longpntsteking
Nauseous	Misselijk	Coroner	Lijkschouwer
Vigorous cough	Heftige hoest	Syringe	Injectiespuit
Insomnia	Slapeloosheid	Prescription	Recept

Our goals today

1. By the end of this lesson you have learned new healthcare terms.

2. By the end of this lesson you know what conjunctions are.

3. By the end of this lesson you know why and how to apply conjunctions.

Why use a conjunction?

• verbinden van woorden, zinsdelen of zinnen
• je geeft aan wat de relatie is tussen beide delen (opsomming, reden, tegenstelling,.....) 
  

Why use a 

linking word / conjunction?

Write down examples

of an English conjunction (voegwoord).

Denk aan: 

opsomming - keuze - oorzaak - gevolg - tegenstelling - 

tijd - voorwaarde.

                                         

                                                                          

                                                                                                                   In the next slides you will see 20 sample                                                                                                                    sentences with English conjunctions.
                                                                                                                How many of them are on your list?

YouTube [3.00]

https://youtu.be/bvFx8a7NgYo

Zelfde informatie maar dan in een filmpje.

Coordinating Conjunctions 

The role they play; connecting two independent clauses and combine them into one sentence. 

-Verbinden twee gelijke delen (zoals twee hoofdzinnen of twee woorden)-

                                                                                                                      Coordinating: The patient was tired, so                                                                                                                                     we let her rest.

For (reason) – I was tired, for I had worked all day.

And (adds) – She is a nurse and a teacher.

Nor (negative) – He doesn’t eat meat, nor does he drink milk.

But (contrast) – I wanted to go, but I was sick.

Or (choice) – Would you like tea or coffee?

Yet (contrast) – It was late, yet he stayed.

So (result) – She studied hard, so she passed the test.

Subordinating Conjunctions

Instead of joining two independent clauses of equal importance, words from a subordinating conjunctions list make one clause less important than another. 

- Deze verbinden een hoofdzin met een bijzin-

These connect a main sentence with a dependent clause.

Examples: because, although, when, if, while, since

👉 She stayed home because she was sick.

👉 If you study, you will pass.

Subordinating: We gave her medicine because she was in pain.

Correlative Conjunctions

These work in pairs to join equal parts of a sentence.

-Deze werken in paren om gelijke delen van een zin te verbinden.-

• both ... and – She is both smart and kind.
• either ... or – You can either rest or go to work.
• neither ... nor – He is neither a nurse nor a doctor.

Correlative: The nurse was both calm and professional.

Opsomming

He likes playing football and (en) tennis.

He likes playing both football and (zowel ... als) tennis.

Keuze

Do you want peanut butter or (of) jelly on your sandwich?

 

Would you either like the peanut butter or (of ... of) the jelly? 

Reden/oorzaak

I like to eat chocolate because (omdat) it tastes good.

As (omdat) you haven't eaten yet, let's have dinner now.

I'm going to eat a snack, for (want) I'm hungry.

I'll wear a raincoat, since (aangezien) it looks like it's going to rain.

Gevolg

He kissed another girl so (dus) I broke up with him.

 

Provide detailed information so that (zodat) we can replicate the problem.

Tegenstelling

I don't give money to people but (maar) I will for you.

He still failed though / although (hoewel / alhoewel) he studied hard.

 I'll take the medicine, though / even though (ondanks dat) I hate the taste.

 They have a lot of money, however (echter), they still live in a tiny house.

Tijd

You are grounded until (tot, todat) you start behaving!

I'm eating that cake as soon as (zodra) they're out the door.

As / whilst (terwijl) I was leaving, the phone rang.

She was serious when (wanneer) she asked him to marry her.

Voorwaarde

I will call my mum if (als) I need help with anything.

 

Sheryl will go out unless (tenzij) her mum stops her.

Sentences without conjunctions.

It's better to save money. Don't spend it all immediately. Think about the future. You might need to save. You can buy a house. It's tempting to spend it now. Don't. Be responsible.

Same story with conjunctions.

It's better to save money. Don't spend it all immediately. Think about the future. You might need to save. You can buy a house. It's tempting to spend it now. Don't. Be responsible.

It's better to save money than spend it all immediately. Think about the future because you might need to save so that you can buy a house. Even though it's tempting to spend it now, you shouldn't; instead, you should be responsible.

________ the basement flooded,
we spent all day cleaning up.

1. After
2. Although
3. Before
4. Even if

The basement flooded, ________
we spent all day cleaning up.

1. after
2. although
3. so
4. even if

I don’t want to go to the movies, _________ I hate the smell of popcorn.

1. although
2. because
3. whenever
4. so that

I want to go to the movies,
_________ I hate the smell of popcorn.

1. that's why
2. because
3. whenever
4. even though

___________ spring arrives,
we have to be prepared for more snow.

1. Although
2. Because
3. Now that
4. Until

_____________ the alarm goes off,
I hit the snooze button.

1. Because
2. As soon as
3. Before
4. Now that

In short ... conjunctions are words that link other words, phrases, or clauses together.