2HVT 2.1 The rise of humanism

2.1 The rise of humanism

Raising questions
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2.1 The rise of humanism

Raising questions

Slide 1 - Diapositive

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Renaissance
Culturally: what were very  important rediscovery's?
(hint: from the east)

Slide 2 - Diapositive

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Humanism
Bricks p. 34
"For hundreds of years, the Catholic Church had been the main religion in Europe. But all of this was about to change at the end of the Middle Ages. More and more people began to wonder if some of the Catholic Church's practices were truly Christian or not. The first men to do this were called humanists"

Slide 3 - Diapositive

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Ancient Greek Humanism
  1. Critical thinking and looking at nature are more important then  ideas from religions
  2. Nature and supernatural should be studied separately.
  3. Humans give meaning to their own life (not gods or other forces).

Slide 4 - Diapositive

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Homework
Read 2.1 and make questions: 
Introduction questions 1 untill 3 + 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 10 and 11.

Slide 5 - Diapositive

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Humanism
and
Critical thinking
Homo universalis
New scientific interest
Trying to explain the world rationally (instead of through belief)

Slide 6 - Diapositive

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Renaissance humanism
  1. In the East sources were found and brought to Italy, and later on, futher North.
  2. Many of the sources were in Greek and had to be translated into Latin again. 
  • Why Latin?

Slide 7 - Diapositive

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What were the sources that were brought to Italy?
A
Sources from Italy and Latin texts.
B
Sources from the West and Latin texts.
C
Sources from the East and Greek texts.
D
Sources from the East and Latin texts.

Slide 8 - Quiz

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Why was Latin used to translate the Greek sources?
A
Latin was the official language of Italy.
B
Latin was the language of the East.
C
Latin was the language of scholarship in Europe.
D
Latin was easier to learn than Greek.

Slide 9 - Quiz

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Petrarch
  • Lived: 1304-1374 
  • 'Father of humanism'
  • Biggest collection of Greek   and Roman texts in Europe
  • Humans should use their curiosity and creativity

Slide 10 - Diapositive

From the texts Petrarch concluded that the way monks chose to live, wasn't leading you to a better or closer relation to god. 
He believed that using your intelligence, curiosity and creativity was what god wanted.
He touched upon 'mistakes' the church had made, but didn't see that as a problem.

Slide 11 - Vidéo

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Thomas More
  • Lived: 1478 - 1535 
  • Lawyer, catholic, writer of Utopia (the perfect society)
  • > God gave human talents and they had to use these for god. 



Slide 12 - Diapositive

1504: member of Parliament
1521: knighted and named under-treasurer.
1529: Lord Chancellor
The lord chancellor is a member of the Cabinet and is, by law, responsible for the efficient functioning and independence of the courts.
1532: resigning as Chancellor because king Henry VIII wanted to divorce his wife and marry Anne Boleyn. 
1534: Henry founds the Anglican Church with the Act of Supremacy.
1535: More is excuted by beheading.
According to Thomas More, who gave human talents?
A
Nature
B
God
C
Parents
D
Society

Slide 13 - Quiz

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What was Thomas More's religious affiliation?
A
Catholic
B
Protestant
C
Jewish
D
Muslim

Slide 14 - Quiz

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Which book did Thomas More write?
A
To Kill a Mockingbird
B
Pride and Prejudice
C
War and Peace
D
Utopia

Slide 15 - Quiz

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What was Thomas More's profession?
A
Doctor
B
Lawyer
C
Engineer
D
Teacher

Slide 16 - Quiz

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Erasmus
  • Lived: 1466 - 1536
  • Catholic priest 
  • Translated the new testament from Greek to Latin
  • > Criticism on certain practises in the church

Slide 17 - Diapositive

Goed bevriend met Thomas More. Woonde o.a. in Rotterdam
What was Erasmus' profession?
A
Farmer
B
Catholic priest
C
Politician
D
Soldier

Slide 18 - Quiz

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What was Erasmus critical of?
A
The monarchy
B
Science and technology
C
Certain practices in the church
D
Art and literature

Slide 19 - Quiz

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In which language did Erasmus want to translate the Bible?
A
Latin to Greek
B
Hebrew to Latin
C
English to Latin
D
Latin to vernacular

Slide 20 - Quiz

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Questioning the church
  • Anglican Church: The church in England after Henry VIII made himself head of the church 
  • Act of supremacy: The act in which the church of England split from the Catholic church in 1534

Slide 21 - Diapositive

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Slide 22 - Vidéo

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Slide 23 - Vidéo

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Work:
Page 40
1/2/4/5/6/7/8/9/10/11
Have fun :) 

Slide 24 - Diapositive

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Slide 25 - Vidéo

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Slide 26 - Vidéo

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Read page 36 the third part about Erasmus. What was his criticism?

Slide 27 - Question ouverte

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Did Thomas More and Erasmus want to leave the church?

Slide 28 - Question ouverte

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