4H CITO reading lesson 2

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo
• Leerjaar 5

Leesvaardigheidstraining - Lesson 2

What are 'peanut butter answers'?

After this lesson

• You know the importance of linking words.
• You know how CITO wants you to deal with questions that have arguments for and against a certain topic
• You know how to deal with an 'expert' question, in which someone else says something about the subject
• You have practiced with these kind of questions 

Linking words 

Linking words are very important in reading tests! 

Study the words and their functions (ELO)! 

For example: 

However, whereas, but, nevertheless > tegenstelling
As a result, so, to sum up > concluderen

Etc.

Different arguments

CITO thinks it is important that students know and are able to recognize arguments in favor of and against the general idea (grote lijn) behind a text. 

There are two different types of arguments: those that are in favor of the 'rode draad' of the text, and those that are against. 

Arguments in favor

When you have to look for arguments that are in favor of the general idea behind a text, it is not that difficult. Identify (or substract this from the first question) what the general idea of the text is. Then, identify which ones are main arguments for the ideas behind the text. 

Counterarguments/ arguments against

When you have to look for arguments against the main point of the text, it is important to look at the scheme below. 

grote lijn ------------------------> maar, (tegenargument) ------------------------------> toch ------------------>

Somewhere in this 'scheme',  you will find the answer to the question. It depends on what your text looks like where you will find it. 

Example-time!

Deze tekst gaat over het krimpen van de aantallen grijze eekhoorns in Engeland.

Wat is de grote lijn uit deze alinea? 

Example-time!

grote lijn ------------------------> maar, (tegenargument) ------------------------------> toch ------------------>

Schrijf het schema op. 

Scheme

grote lijn ------------------------> maar, (tegenargument) ------------------------------> toch ------------------>

eekhoorns worden meer gegeten ------------------------> HOWEVER, konijnenvlees is erg slank en bevat niet voldoende vet om ervan te kunnen blijven leven. 

Goede antwoord: B

 

Linking words question

On to the next topic

Expert questions

• Expert questions: what do they say?
• In expert questions, it is about some kind of expert that says something about the topic of the text. 
• An expert can be: a police officer, a mayor, a scientist, a politician, a journalist, etc. 

Expert questions - tips

1. Look who the expert is (name, profession). The expert's name is often mentioned in the question. 

2. Look for the quotation marks " ". What is between these marks, very often contains the answer. 

Example

Why is this an 'expert' question? How do you see that? 

Example

So...

- study the linking words and their functions.

- read the sentence before and after the linking word.

- In expert questions: look for the answer in between the quotation marks.