9.2 Well organized

• Biologie
• Middelbare school
• vmbo b
• Leerjaar 2

9.2 Well organized

Learning objectives

•     You will learn how the number of substances in your blood is kept at a constant level.

•     You will learn about the tasks of your liver and your kidneys.

What waste products are produced during respiration?

How does your body get rid of waste products?

Execretory organs

Excretion = to get excess, unnecessary, and toxic substances from your blood and remove it from your body

Execretory organs = lungs, liver, kidneys, skin

How come there is always enough glucose in your blood?

Glucose = fuel for your body

Glucose levels in your blood are regulated by:

- Insulin

- Glucagon

These hormones are produced in the

pancreas

Diabetes

Diabetes type 1 : patients of whom the insulin producing pancreas cells are damaged. 

Diabetes type 2:  body cells have become resistant to insulin; the hormone does not work properly anymore. 

- often diagnosed with overweight people who hardly exercise.

Result of both types: Blood glucose levels stay too high

Why aren't there any insulin pills?

Insulin is a protein

Measuring blood glucose levels

Too low: eat or drink something that contains glucose.

Too high: inject themselves using an insulin pen (or they carry an insulin pump).

Lever

Build-up of bile and cholesterol
Breakdown of toxic substances (medicines, alcohol..) and amino acids
Storage of vitamins A and D, iron from hemoglobin
and glycogen
Drainage of bilirubin (from red blood cells, broken down in the spleen), urea (product from breaking down amino acids) and converted toxic substances

Hepatic artery = oxygen supply
Portal vein = supply of nutrients

Kidneys

Filter waste products from the blood

•     substances from the liver (from breaking down medicines or urea)
•     excess substances (salt, vitamin)
•     unnecessary substances (such as dyes)

Renal cortex filters waste products from the blood
Kidney medulla collects waste products and excess water (urine)

Homework

8 - 15 en 18 - 20