4.2C GLASS

• Techniek
• HBO
• Studiejaar 4

4.2C GLASS

Learning Objectives

At the end of the lesson, you will understand the composition and energy-intensive process of glass production, including the role of recycling. At the end of the lesson, you will be able to identify and describe different characteristics and types of glass and their applications. At the end of the lesson, you will recognize the importance of glass recycling and its environmental benefits.

Why is glass recycling important?

1. Environmental benefits, Reducing energy consumption, Minimizing waste in landfills
2. Increasing energy consumption, Creating more waste, Harming the environment

What are the learning objectives of the lesson on glass production?

1. Understanding glass composition and energy-intensive process, Identifying different types of glass and their applications, Recognizing the importance of glass recycling
2. Learning about plastic production, Identifying different types of wood, Recognizing the importance of metal recycling

What do you already know about glass and its properties?

Definition of Glass

Glass is a solid made by rapidly cooling a mixture of silica, soda, and lime. Melted together at very high temperatures (above 1700 degrees celsius), glass has been used and prized for thousands of years because of its unique properties.

Composition of Glass

Glass is primarily composed of silica sand, limestone, and soda ash, requiring high energy for production.

Energy and Recycling in Glass Production

Recycling glass is economically and environmentally beneficial, reducing energy costs and environmental impact.

Key Characteristics of Glass

Characteristics of glass

1. Transparency, allows light to pass through thus allowing you to see the contents of a jar or through a window.
   
2. Colour, colour can de deigned in my adding chemicals
   
3. Strength – low tensile strength but high compressive strength
   
4. Brittleness, it has a low impact strength and thus will shatter easily (low toughness).
   
5. Hardness, high hardness and wont scratch readily.
   
6. Un-reactivity – is chemically inert so leaching of acid based contents is not a problem.
   
7. Non-Toxic due to its un-reactivity therefore suitable for food storage.
   
8. Non-porous, thus will hold liquids or stop moisture seeping from outside.
   
9. Insulator.
   
10. 100% recyclable and is continuously recyclable

The recyclability and reusability of glass make it an environmentally friendly material.

Yes, glass is an excellent sustainable choice.

No, other materials have a similar impact.

I'm not convinced, further comparisons are needed.

I haven't thought about this, need to consider it.

Glass is a suitable material for food storage due to its non-toxic, non-reactive, and non-porous nature.

Yes, glass is the best option.

No, plastic is a better choice.

Maybe, it depends on the specific use.

I'm not sure, more research is needed.

Types of Glass and Their Applications

1. Soda Glass for windows and bottles
2. Borosilicate (Pyrex) for heat-resistant items
3. Toughened Glass for safety
4. Laminated Glass for security
5. Glass Fibre for reinforced plastic products

Design Contexts Using Various Types of Glass

Glass is employed in architecture, cookware, vehicles, and buildings for different design contexts.

Recovery and Disposal of Glass

Recovery and disposal of glass

Recycled glass is known as cullet which is added to new raw materials to make new glass.

It reduces the energy required thus the costs in producing new glass.

When recycled the glass is separated into the same colours groups (due to chemical compounds) then are crushed .

Improves environmental concerns such as the extraction of raw materials, energy consumption, and reduced pollution.

It is continuously recyclable

Definition List

Cullet: Recycled glass that is used to make new glass, reducing energy costs and environmental impact. 

Soda Glass: A common commercial glass with medium to low thermal shock resistance, used for windows and bottles. 

Borosilicate Glass: A type of glass with added oxides for improved thermal resistance, known as Pyrex. Toughened Glass: Glass that is heated and rapidly cooled to be more resistant to shattering upon impact. 

Laminated Glass: Consists of layers of glass and plastic sheets that prevent shattering and contain fragments upon impact. 

Glass Fibre: Long strands of glass that can be woven into mats and used with resin to create reinforced plastic products.

What is the purpose of laminated glass?

1. Prevent shattering and contain fragments upon impact
2. Long strands of glass that can be woven into mats
3. A type of glass with added oxides for improved thermal resistance
4. A common commercial glass with medium to low thermal shock resistance

What is the characteristic of toughened glass?

1. A type of glass with added oxides for improved thermal resistance
2. More resistant to shattering upon impact
3. Consists of layers of glass and plastic sheets
4. Recycled glass used to make new glass

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What is the main ingredient in soda-lime glass?

1. Sodium carbonate
2. Silica
3. Iron
4. Calcium oxide

What is fulgurite?

1. A byproduct of glassblowing
2. A type of sand found in non-tropical coastal areas
3. Glass tubes formed by lightning hitting sandy soil
4. Naturally-occurring glass used by Stone Age man

What is the purpose of adding calcium oxide to glass production?

1. To enhance brilliance
2. To protect against ultraviolet
3. To make it more durable
4. To absorb infrared radiation

What invention revolutionized large pane glass production?

1. a) Automated grinding and polishing
2. Float glass
3. Glassblowing
4. Cast onto an iron tray

What temperature is required for the formation of fulgurite?

1. 1800 degrees Celsius
2. 1200 degrees Celsius
3. 1500 degrees Celsius
4. 2000 degrees Celsius

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Find a image from the website of new uses of glass

Write down your definition of glass

Have students enter three things they learned in this lesson. With this they can indicate their own learning efficiency of this lesson.

Write down 2 things you want to know more about.

Here, students enter two things they would like to know more about. This not only increases involvement, but also gives them more ownership.

Ask and answer 1 question about something you haven't quite understood yet.

The students indicate here (in question form) with which part of the material they still have difficulty. For the teacher, this not only provides insight into the extent to which the students understand/master the material, but also a good starting point for the next lesson.

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