3.5 Greek Art

• Geschiedenis
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 1

Ancient Greece

3.5 Greek Art 

Lesson Goals

• At the end of this lesson you are able to recognise elements of Ancient Greek culture in modern architecture and art.

• How ancient Greek culture spread over the world (Hellenism) 

Every country has its own culture. What is typical for these country's culture?

"Greek Games"
When did the first Olympic Games take place?

1. 776 BC
2. 776 AD
3. 677 BC
4. 567 AD

We call the games Olympic Games because they were held at Olympia.
But why were they held there?

1. In Olympia there was a big temple for Zeus
2. Olympia was the home of the gods
3. Olympia was in a central location. Everybody could get there
4. In fact, the city was named after the Games that were held there every 4 years

Why were the Olympic Games only held once every four years?

1. that was the will of the gods
2. not all citizens were able to travel to Olympia every year
3. it took the Olympians three years to organise the Games
4. because there were three other Pan-Hellenic games, so four in total

Culture 

"/The way of life, especially the general customs and beliefs, of a particular group of people at a particular time:"

• Art
• Science
• Philosophy

Art

• Searching for the perfect men in sculpture 
  
  
• Tragedies and Comedies in open air Theaters 
  
• 
  
• Mathmetics made architecture (building structures like temples) possible 

Egyptische kunst

Griekse kunst

Theatre

Plays in half-round theatres

Played by men

Masks express the feelings of characters

Comedy and Tragedy 

Architecture

Deze zuil heeft vaak een voetstuk. De zuil is slanker dan de Dorische zuil en heeft relief versiering met krullen.

Deze zuil is kaal en breed. De zuil staat niet op een voetstuk en is vaak redelijk saai.

Deze zuil is nog slanker dan de Ionische zuil. Daarnaast zijn er veel versieringen 

A. __________kept the temple upright.

B. __________, band of sculpture along the temple. Used to show stories and  honour the gods.

C. ___________, the triangular at the  

top of the temple.

D. ___________ with  steps so that people could get up on the plateau.

 First: drag the four words (left) to their correct place in the text (right).

The green boxes with letters A, B, C, D represent the text lines A, B, C, D in the yellow box.

Second: drag the green boxes to the correct Roman numerals I, II, III, IV. 

A

B

C

D

Frieze

Pillars

Plateau

Tympanum

Filosofen

• 'Vrienden van de wijsheid'
• Filosofen willen hun kennis en wijsheid uitbreiden
• De wereld om zich heen verklaren.

Colonies outside of Greece 

• Colony: part of a country beyond its borders 

• Greece: dry climate, rocky ground: not fertile. Only 20% for agriculture 

• 
  
• No harvests= famine = death

colonies outside of Greece

• Greeks searched for a better future 

• Ships used for discovering around Mediterranean Sea
• foundation of new cities 

• Around 750 BC: colonies in Turkey, France, Italy

colonies outside of Greece 

• Relation between "mother-city" and colonies thrived trade, so no new colonies necessary. 550BC

• Made the spread of the Greek culture possible 

• Macedonian King and general, conquered many new areas

• His aim was to reach unity in the Greek Empire 
  
  
• Active spread of Greek Culture  (Hellenism)

Alexander the Great

(336-323 v. Chr.)

Thanks to the phalanx with longer lances, a strong cavalry (horses) and flexible hoplites (foot soldiers), Alexander overran his opponents

Militairy victories 

Influences Greek culture 

- Special things invented like democracy, sculpture, scientific and philosophical ideas

Due to the conquests of Alexander the Great, Greek culture influenced other cultures, assimilation.

- Thanks to the Romans, much interest in the Greeks continued in Europe. A lot of classical knowledge was also preserved by Arab scholars

De school van Athene < Rafaël (fresco begin 16de E)

Plato: ideeënleer (vinger naar boven)

Aristoteles: fysica - werkelijkheid (hand naar de grond)

Personen en begrippen

• kolonisatie: stichting van Griekse nederzettingen buiten Griekenland in de 8e en 7e eeuw vC
• barbaren: vreemdelingen; ook: niet beschaafde personen
• oudheid: periode tussen 3000 vC en 500 nC, waarin de Egyptische, Griekse en Romeinse cultuur bloeiden
• klassieke cultuur: cultuur van de Grieken en Romeinen
  

Leerdoel

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to recognize examples of Greek architecture and sculpture, explain how Greek culture spread, and explain why people in the West think Greek culture is important.

Upload a modern example of ancient Greek influence in architecture.

Upload an example of ancient Greek influence in our modern day culture