4. 3HV Theme 4- 5: grammar 10- 11 & 15 (past perfect)

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Past simple

vs

Present Perfect

Present simple 

vs 

present continuous

Past perfect

MIXED TENSES

- present simple

- present continuous

- past simple

- present perfect

Past Simple

vorm: ww + ed (of 2e rijtje)

wanneer: iets dat in het verleden gebeurd is en nu is afgelopen

signaalwoord: when, ago, last week / month / year , in 2012, yesterday, in the Middle Ages, etc

Present Perfect

vorm: have of has + volt.dw

(ww + ed  of 3e rijtje)

wanneer: iets dat in verleden zo was en nu nog zo is

als je over ervaringen praat

als je nu resultaat ziet van iets dat in verleden gebeurd is

signaalwoord: for/ since/ ever/ never/ yet+ (for) how long/always

Present Simple

Hele werkwoord 

SHIT = hele werkwoord +s!

Wanneer: feit, gewoonte,

regelmatige gebeurtenis

signaalwoorden:

Always, every..., often, usually,

normally, sometimes, never

Present Continuous

am/ are/ is + ww + -ing

Wanneer: iets is nu aan de gang,

irritatie, afspraak in nabije toekomst (kaartje gekocht, tafeltje geboekt)

signaalwoorden:

Right now, at the moment, 

always, never (bij irritatie)

signaalwoorden

past simple:    yesterday / last / ago / in 1492 / the other day / ...

present perfect:   for / yet / always/never / ever / just / already / since/for how long?

present simple: always / every / sometimes / often / regularly / 

present continuous: (right) now / at the moment / Listen! / Look!

Which sentence is correct?

1. We are getting up late on Sundays.
2. We get up late on Sundays.

Which sentence is correct?

1. Look outside! Those kids are dancing in the playground.
2. Look outside! Those kids dance in the playground.

Which sentence is correct?

1. I have found a wallet full of money yesterday.
2. I found a wallet full of money yesterday.

Maarten van der Weijden ____________ in open water ever since he was a child (swim)

1. swam
2. has swum

They _________ that mountain in 1978. (climb)

1. climbed
2. have climbed

Water __________ at 0 degrees Celcius. (freeze)

1. freezes
2. is freezing

At the moment I _______________ an exercise on English tenses. (do)

1. do
2. am doing

Past Perfect

How?           had + past participle

The film had already started when we entered the cinema.

He had checked everything before he went to bed.

something happened in the past 

before 

something else happened in the past.

 

When do you use Past Perfect?

• If you want to add information to a story / text.

• If you want to tell that something happened before something else happened in the past.
• Often used together with past simple

                               It is the past of the past.

I had always walked home until I bought my first car.

I had been stuck in the lift for hours when a fireman finally came and rescued me.

I... (eat) my breakfast before I ... (go) to school yesterday.

1. had eated - went
2. eated - had gone
3. had eaten - went
4. ate - had gone

I ... (finish) my report when she ... (walk) into the office.

1. finished - walked
2. had finished - walked
3. finished- had walked
4. finish - walks

The boy ... (run) away after he ... (break) the window.

1. runned - broke
2. ran- broke
3. had run - broke
4. ran - had broken

Past Perfect 

had + past participle (voltooid deelwoord)

• vaak samen met past simple
• geeft aan dat iets in het verleden gebeurde voor iets anders
• vaak in de zin: after- before- when- as soon as

How do we make a sentence with the Past Perfect?

Make a sentence using the past perfect.

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