2.2 past simple & past continuous

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Past simple & past continuous

Bring out your paper notebooks!

Today

- Past simple

- Past continuous

- Practising the grammar

- End of lesson

Lesson aims

- You know what the past simple is

- You know what the past continuous is

- You know when to use the past continuous and when the past 

   simple

- You can use both grammatical structures

When you see this icon on a slide

You copy the information and write it in your paper notebook

Past simple

What is the past simple? How is it formed?
When do you use the past simple?
Are there any exceptions?

Past simple

What is the past simple? How is it formed?

Past simple

What is the past simple? How is it formed?

              Something happened in the past

 I                         +      Verb + ed                       To happen - Happened

You                    +     Verb + ed                        To work - Worked

He / She / It   +      Verb + ed                        To walk - Walked

We                     +      Verb + ed                        To jump - Jumped

They                 +      Verb + ed                         To show - Showed

Past simple

When do you use the past simple?

Past simple

When do you use the past simple?

1. Something happened in the past and it has finished.
   
2. Indication of time that refers to the past
3. Express a habit (in the past)
4. When telling a story

Past simple

Are there any exceptions?

Past simple

Are there any exceptions?

• Words ending in -e: +d only, not +ed         
                     Change - changed                                                    Biggest exception:
• Words ending in -p: double p                                                     Irregular verbs!
                     Stop - stopped                                                                 Use '2e rijtje'
• Words ending in -c: +k, then +ed
                     Panic - panicked
• Words ending in -y: change 'y' into 'i', then + ed
                     Carry - Carried

When do we use past continuous?

• Something that was happening in the past at a certain time
• The action had already started but was not yet finished
  

You were paying attention in English class at 10.45.

 --> You started doing this before 10.45 and finished sometime later.

When do we use past continuous?

• Something that was happening in the past at a certain time
• The action had already started but was not yet finished
• Annoying habits   -->   was/were    +    always    +    verb+ing

Our neighbour was always making a lot of noise.

--> He may still do this, but you or your neighbour have moved, or he stopped doing it, but you don't have to endure it anymore. 

When do we use past continuous?

• Something that was happening in the past at a certain time.
• The action had already started but was not yet finished.
• Annoying habits   -->   was/were    +    always    +    verb+ing
• Something was going on when the main action happened.

When do we use past continuous?

• Something was going on when the main action happened.
  

I was eating dinner when the phone rang.

 --> You started eating earlier, you were still eating at the moment of the phone suddenly ringing. 

Past Continuous & Past Simple together

• Something was going on when the main action happened.
                   I was eating dinner when the phone rang

Past continuous

What do you notice? Can we formulate a specific rule for this?

- I was doing my homework.

- We were watching the telly.

- You were paying attention in English class at 10.45.

- I was eating dinner when the phone rang.

- He broke his ankle when he was playing football.

Past continuous

What do you notice? Can we formulate a specific rule for this?

- I was doing my homework.

- We were watching the telly.

- You were paying attention in English class at 10.45.

- I was eating dinner when the phone rang.

- He broke his ankle when he was playing football.

Past continuous (+)

Rule for a positive sentence:

Subject     +          Was / Were     +     Verb+ing     +    rest of sentence

I / He / She / It

You / We / They

Past continuous (+)

Rule for a positive sentence:

Subject     +          Was / Were     +     Verb+ing     +    rest of sentence

I / He / She / It                was                   looking                for a phone.

You / We / They            were                 listening                  to music.

Past continuous (-)

Rule for a negative sentence:

Past continuous (-)

Rule for a negative sentence:

Subject     +     Was / Were + not    +    Verb+ing  +  rest of sentence

I / He / She / It

You / We / They

Past continuous (-)

Rule for a negative sentence:

Subject     +     Was / Were + not    +    Verb+ing  +  rest of sentence

I / He / She / It      was not / wasn't          looking           for a phone.

You / We / They    were not / weren't     listening            to music.

Past continuous (?)

Rule for a question:

Subject     +          Was / Were     +     Verb+ing     +    rest of sentence

Past continuous (?)

Rule for a question:

Subject     +          Was / Were     +     Verb+ing     +    rest of sentence

Past continuous (?)

Rule for a question:

Was / Were    +         Subject            +    Verb+ing  +  rest of sentence

                                   I / he / she / it

                                  you / we / they

Past continuous (?)

Rule for a question:

Was / Were    +         Subject            +    Verb+ing  +  rest of sentence

      Was                    I / he / she / it             looking            for a phone?

     Were                  you / we / they          listening             to music?

Exceptions

Rule:

Subject     +          Was / Were     +     Verb+ing     +    rest of sentence

Words ending in -e:     -e becomes -ing

                                                    -->  care - was caring  /  joke - were joking

 Words ending in -c:    -c becomes -cking

                                                    --> panic - was panicking  /  mimic - were mimicking

Words ending in -p:     -p is doubled, then +ing

                                                    --> stop - was stopping  /  flap - were flapping

Let's practice!

• Do the worksheet I hand out
  
  
• Finished? Check your answers
• Then Student's Book, Unit 2.2 (page 26)
                                                 Exercises 3, 4, 6 & 7

Lesson aims

- You know what the past simple is

- You know what the past continuous is

- You know when to use the past continuous and when the past 

   simple

- You can use both grammatical structures