Gym/PT Training - Effects of Exercise

• Physical education
• Further Education (Key Stage 5)
• Higher Education (degree)
• Foundation Degree
• Upper Secondary (Key Stage 4)

Gym/PT Training- Effects of Exercise

Level 2/3 

YMCA/BTEC

Revision

Anatomy & Physiology

YMCA Slides: Level 3

Effects of Exercise

Name as many effects of exercise
on the body/musculature system
as you can.

Short Term Effects of Exercise on MSK

• Muscle and overall core body temperature increase.
• Increase levels of lactic acid in the blood, causing a burning / aching sensation in the muscles. Can lead to DOMS. Also help with energy.
• Joints become more mobile due to increased flow and viscosity of the synovial fluid.
• Start of Bone remodelling and restructuring.
• Increased blood flow to whole body incl brain, can help with concentration.

www.nhs.uk

Long-term effects of exercise on the musculoskeletal system.

• Increase in muscle strength.
• Joints become more stable.
• Increase in the number and size of mitochondria in muscles = inc in metabolism.
• Muscles capable of utilising more oxygen and fat at any given time.
• Stronger bones.

What is DOMS ?

Muscle pain, soreness or stiffness that is felt 12–72 hours after exercise

Involves protein degradation and ultrastructural changes

In Pairs:-

• How can we make exercise fun for more people to do more exercise?
• 5 minutes to research what you think are the best exercises for clients to adopt...

List your
exercises/methods
here

www.purposegames.com

What is the term for the functional unit of muscle contraction?

1. Myofibril
2. Sarcomere
3. Tendon
4. Fascicle

What does the sit-up test measure?

1. Muscular endurance of the abdominal muscles
2. Cardiovascular endurance
3. Strength of the leg muscles
4. Flexibility of the lower back

What is the main function of the heart?

1. Producing hormones
2. Filtering waste products
3. Pumping blood throughout the body
4. Digesting food

Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

1. Left ventricle
2. Right ventricle
3. Left atrium
4. Right atrium

What is the average resting heart rate for adults?

1. 150-200 beats per minute
2. 110-130 beats per minute
3. 60-100 beats per minute
4. 30-50 beats per minute

What is the name of the valve that separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?

1. Mitral valve
2. Aortic valve
3. Pulmonary valve
4. Tricuspid valve

What causes the sound of a heartbeat that can be heard with a stethoscope?

1. Flow of blood through the veins
2. Contraction of the heart muscle
3. Expansion of the heart chambers
4. Closing of the heart valves

What is the medical term for a heart attack?

1. Myocardial infarction
2. Cardiac arrest
3. Aortic dissection
4. Coronary thrombosis

Design a Programme that helps a client improve their Muscular Strength: use a different training method 

Include gym machines but also free-weight resistance.

Use a variety of training methods.

The Programme has to be balanced (full body).

The programme has to include a WU, CD and stretches.

Include modifications. 

Lets go to the gym