Nieuwe uitvindingen en de gevolgen
Nieuwe uitvindingen
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Slide 1: Tekstslide
GeschiedenisMiddelbare schoolvmbo k, gLeerjaar 2
In deze les zitten 14 slides, met tekstslides en 1 video.
Lesduur is: 45 minOnderdelen in deze les
Nieuwe uitvindingen
Startklaar:
- Lesboek op tafel
- Pen op tafel
- Jas uit
- Tas van tafel
timer
1:00
Slide 1 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
Leerdoelen
• Je kunt uitleggen wat de vier oorzaken van de Eerste Wereldoorlog waren, en hoe het een wereldoorlog werd.
• Je kunt beschrijven dat de Eerste Wereldoorlog een moderne oorlog was en hier 2 voorbeelden bij noemen.
• Je kunt twee redenen noemen waarom Duitsland de oorlog verloor.
• Je kunt beschrijven met 2 voorbeelden hoe de omstandigheden in de loopgraven waren.
Slide 2 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
Nieuwe wapens
- Naast generaals bepalen ook steeds meer wetenschap en techniek het verloop van de oorlog.
Slide 3 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
1. Kanonnen
- Kanonnen zorgen voor de meeste doden en gewonden in de Eerste Wereldoorlog.
- Ze werden ingezet om vijanden mee te bestoken maar ook net vóór een massale aanval over het niemandsland.
Slide 4 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
2. Gifgas
- Gif- of strijdgassen moesten ervoor zorgen dat de vijand, in paniek, de loopgraven zouden verlaten
- De meeste gasaanvallen waren door het gebruik van gasmaskers steeds minder dodelijk voor de soldaten, maar zorgde voor brandwonden, tijdelijke blindheid en angst.
Slide 5 - Tekstslide
gif - they shall not grow old
- Om het slagveld beter te kunnen observeren, gebruikte men luchtschepen om de ligging van de vijandelijke loopgraven te achterhalen.
- Behalve voor observatie werden Zeppelins (type Duitse luchtschepen) ook gebruikt voor bombardementen (op Antwerpen en Londen)
Balloon troops from a (Feldluftschiffer) unit prepare to raise their Parseval-Sigsfeld 'Drachen' balloon. c.1916
By the war's end some 4000 'Drachen' had been delivered to the German Army of which 241 had been shot
down.
(Colourised by Benjamin Thomas)
Slide 6 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
4. Vliegtuigen
- Om voor een echte doorbraak in de oorlog te zorgen, zijn de eerste vliegtuigen nog te primitief.
- Toch beleeft de wereld de eerste luchtgevechten en bombardementen.
Royal Aircraft Factory R.E.8 (serial number B2258) and a Nieuport Scout (serial number B6821) biplanes at St. Omer Aerodrome at night, 19 December 1917.
Colour by RJM
Colour by RJM
Slide 7 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
5. Vlammenwerpers
- Net als gifgas moet de vlammenwerper voor paniek bij de vijand zorgen.
- Brandende benzine wordt, soms over afstanden van honderden meters, over het slagveld gespoten
Slide 8 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
6. Tanks
- Hoe kom je levend bij de loopgraven van de vijand? Bouw een rijdend stalen harnas om je heen!
- Omdat de ontwikkeling ervan zeer geheim was, gebruikten de Britten de term 'tank', van watertank. Zelfs de arbeiders geloofden dat ze mobiele watertanks maakten.
A 'Fund Raiser' stands on top of a Mk IV Tank (Nº130 'Nelson') during a rally to promote war bonds, in London's Trafalgar Square.
December 1917.
(Nb. the tank was to remain in the Square for two weeks)
(The view in this photo shows a wall where now stands the north steps leading up to the National Gallery)
After being introduced into the First World War battle arsenal, tanks were taken on a tour of the country to encourage people to invest money in them as part of the war bonds appeal.
The tank-led victory at Cambrai in November 1917, with an advance of more than five miles on a front of six miles, quickly resulted in two tanks being sent to Trafalgar Square to drum up interest.
The success of these two tanks in persuading people to invest in these 'war winners', as Prime Minister Lloyd George described tanks, quickly led to Tank Weeks across the country as towns and cities vied with each other to raise ever higher amounts in subscriptions in War Bonds and War Savings Certificates.
There were eventually six touring tanks involved;
Tank 113 "Julian"
Tank 119 "Old Bill"
Tank 130 "Nelson"
Tank 137 "Drake"
Tank 141 "Egbert"
Tank 142 "Iron Ration"
There were more than 150 of these events across the country, with Glasgow raising the highest amount – £14,500,000.
Colourised by Royston Leonard
December 1917.
(Nb. the tank was to remain in the Square for two weeks)
(The view in this photo shows a wall where now stands the north steps leading up to the National Gallery)
After being introduced into the First World War battle arsenal, tanks were taken on a tour of the country to encourage people to invest money in them as part of the war bonds appeal.
The tank-led victory at Cambrai in November 1917, with an advance of more than five miles on a front of six miles, quickly resulted in two tanks being sent to Trafalgar Square to drum up interest.
The success of these two tanks in persuading people to invest in these 'war winners', as Prime Minister Lloyd George described tanks, quickly led to Tank Weeks across the country as towns and cities vied with each other to raise ever higher amounts in subscriptions in War Bonds and War Savings Certificates.
There were eventually six touring tanks involved;
Tank 113 "Julian"
Tank 119 "Old Bill"
Tank 130 "Nelson"
Tank 137 "Drake"
Tank 141 "Egbert"
Tank 142 "Iron Ration"
There were more than 150 of these events across the country, with Glasgow raising the highest amount – £14,500,000.
Colourised by Royston Leonard
A German A7V Sturmpanzerwagen (Nº504 "Schnuck") of Abteilung 2.
Captured by the New Zealand Division at Frémicourt, Nord-Pas-de-Calais on the 31 August 1918 (photo taken 18/9/18).
The A7V had a crew of 18 men and was powered by two 100hp Daimler engines. It was armed with one 57mm Gun and six machine guns.
"Schnuck" was displayed in London on Horse Guards Parade in 1918/19 and given to the Imperial War Museum in 1919 but disposed of in 1922 with only the main gun kept.
(Nb. "Schnuck" was a Hybrid, combining the vehicles Nº504 and Nº544)
In some ways the A7V was a better tank than the British Mark IV, it had two engines which gave it more power and a top speed of 8 mph (12km/h) and was protected by 30 mm (1 3/16 inch) armour. In other ways, however, it was inferior: its high centre of gravity made it somewhat unstable over rough terrain and it could only traverse trenches under 6 feet (1.82 meters) across. The Germans did not have a lot of confidence in their own tanks, only about 20 A7V's were built, and they preferred to use captured Mark IV's. In fact the German army was so enamoured with the British Mark IV tank that the High Command ordered a German tank to be built based on the Mark IV design, which gave birth to the A7V/U. It had all-round tracks like the British machine, but kept all the internal components of the old A7V. Still, only a prototype was ever built.
Color by Leo Courvoisier
Captured by the New Zealand Division at Frémicourt, Nord-Pas-de-Calais on the 31 August 1918 (photo taken 18/9/18).
The A7V had a crew of 18 men and was powered by two 100hp Daimler engines. It was armed with one 57mm Gun and six machine guns.
"Schnuck" was displayed in London on Horse Guards Parade in 1918/19 and given to the Imperial War Museum in 1919 but disposed of in 1922 with only the main gun kept.
(Nb. "Schnuck" was a Hybrid, combining the vehicles Nº504 and Nº544)
In some ways the A7V was a better tank than the British Mark IV, it had two engines which gave it more power and a top speed of 8 mph (12km/h) and was protected by 30 mm (1 3/16 inch) armour. In other ways, however, it was inferior: its high centre of gravity made it somewhat unstable over rough terrain and it could only traverse trenches under 6 feet (1.82 meters) across. The Germans did not have a lot of confidence in their own tanks, only about 20 A7V's were built, and they preferred to use captured Mark IV's. In fact the German army was so enamoured with the British Mark IV tank that the High Command ordered a German tank to be built based on the Mark IV design, which gave birth to the A7V/U. It had all-round tracks like the British machine, but kept all the internal components of the old A7V. Still, only a prototype was ever built.
Color by Leo Courvoisier
French Renault FT17 tanks pass American troops as they move towards the front at Valpries Farm near Juvigny, France, 1918.
The French FT17 was one of the most revolutionary tank designs in History. It was the first tank to ever feature its armament in a 360' degree rotating turret while its layout; crew compartment at the front, engine compartment at the rear and armament in turret became and still is the accepted standard layout for tanks to this day.
In excess of 3000 FT17 tanks were produced, most of which in the year 1918 and saw their battlefield debut on the 31st May of the same year during the Second Battle of Marne.
The tanks were massively successful and following the end of the First World War saw service with the armed forces of many other countries including (but not limited to) Belgium, Poland, Czechoslovakia and Spain as well as other countries as far afield as Brazil, Japan, China and Afghanistan.
The French Army still had over 500 FT17 tanks in active service in 1940 at the time of the German invasion during the opening years of the Second World War. A large number of these tanks were captured by the Germans and despite their battlefield obsolescence still found service in roles such as Airfield Defence and Occupational patrols.
Colour by Joshua Barrett
The French FT17 was one of the most revolutionary tank designs in History. It was the first tank to ever feature its armament in a 360' degree rotating turret while its layout; crew compartment at the front, engine compartment at the rear and armament in turret became and still is the accepted standard layout for tanks to this day.
In excess of 3000 FT17 tanks were produced, most of which in the year 1918 and saw their battlefield debut on the 31st May of the same year during the Second Battle of Marne.
The tanks were massively successful and following the end of the First World War saw service with the armed forces of many other countries including (but not limited to) Belgium, Poland, Czechoslovakia and Spain as well as other countries as far afield as Brazil, Japan, China and Afghanistan.
The French Army still had over 500 FT17 tanks in active service in 1940 at the time of the German invasion during the opening years of the Second World War. A large number of these tanks were captured by the Germans and despite their battlefield obsolescence still found service in roles such as Airfield Defence and Occupational patrols.
Colour by Joshua Barrett
Slide 9 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
7. Duikboten
- Duikboten bestonden al sinds de 19e eeuw, maar in de Eerste Wereldoorlog werden ze voor het eerst (met name door Duitsland) massaal ingezet.
- De Duitsers probeerden met de Onbeperkte Duikbotenoorlog (1915/1917) alle schepen (oorlogs-, koopvaardij- en passagiersschepen) tot zinken te brengen
Slide 10 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
Gevolgen
- De nieuwe wapens en oorlogsvoering laten zichtbare en onzichtbare verwondingen achter
- Van de mannen met de kapotgeslagen gezichten...
- ...tot zware psychische klachten, vaak omschreven als Shellshock
Slide 11 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
Vóór en ná:
om de verminkte mannen toch nog een leven te kunnen bieden......werd driftig geëxperimenteerd met plastische chirurgie en maskers
Slide 12 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
Slide 13 - Video
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
Leerdoelen
• Je kunt uitleggen wat de vier oorzaken van de Eerste Wereldoorlog waren, en hoe het een wereldoorlog werd.
• Je kunt beschrijven dat de Eerste Wereldoorlog een moderne oorlog was en hier 2 voorbeelden bij noemen.
• Je kunt twee redenen noemen waarom Duitsland de oorlog verloor.
• Je kunt beschrijven met 2 voorbeelden hoe de omstandigheden in de loopgraven waren.
Slide 14 - Tekstslide
Deze slide heeft geen instructies
