1.1 The Renaissance

• History
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

5. 

The Time of 

Discoverers and Reformers

1.1  The Renaissance 

5. The Time of 

Discoverers and Reformers

Lesson 1.2: The Renaissance

The Age of Discoverers and Reformers

1500 - 1600

1. the Renaissance and a  changing world view
   
2. the start of European overseas expansion
   
3. the Protestant Reformation
   
4. the Dutch Revolt and the birth of an independent Dutch state
   

also known as: the Early Modern Age

Main Questions

• What is the Renaissance?
• Why did the Renaissance start in Italy?
• Why did the fall of Constantinople fuel the Renaissance?
• How did peoples' worldview change during the Renaissance?
• How did art change during the Renaissance?
• How did Renaissance ideas spread across Europe?

people in this lesson

Leonardo da Vinci

Johannes Gutenberg

Michelangelo

Nicolaus Copernicus

any idea what they are famous for?

Just take a guess...

One of the most brilliant men that ever lived was born in 1452, near the small village of Vinci, close to the Italian city of Florence. He is known to be a perfect example of a Homo Universalis, a person that is an expert in many different fields. This man was a sculptor, a painter, an architect, an anatomist, a poet, a writer, an engineer and much more. Even during his lifetime he was a legend, although many of his works remain a mystery. His name was Leonardo da Vinci

Let's start with the 

RENAISSANCE

What is the Renaissance?

How would you describe the Renaissance?

Let's go back to 15th century Italy

Florence - the Medici family

Renaissance

• a period WITHIN the Time of D & R

• started in Italy and spread across Europe
• It means "REBIRTH"  (= something that has died and is coming back to life)
• What was coming back? The history and culture of Greeks and Romans (=Antiquity)

Why did the Renaissance start in Italy? (1)

• Trade flourished in Italian city states. 
  
• Rich Merchants wanted to show off their wealth 
• How? By hiring artists to make paintings and statues (ART)
• They were inspired by their ancestors: the ROMANS
• And Italy happened to have many Roman remains
  

Why this sudden interest in the Romans, who lived a 1000 years ago?

Because of an event, that happened east of Italy......

1453: The Turks conquer Constantinople

• 
  

Until 1453, Constantinople was the capital city of

1. the eastern Roman empire
2. The western Roman Empire
3. The Ottoman Empire
4. The Byzantine Empire

The Ottomans changed the name of the city into

1. Istanbul
2. Ankara
3. Bagdad
4. Akropolis

Why did the Renaissance start in Italy? (2)

1453: the Turks conquered Constantinople

(the capital of the former Eastern Roman Empire)

Here, the knowledge of the Greeks and Romans was preserved (in Western Europe it was destroyed)

Refugees brought this knowledge 

back to Italy

highly advanced

highly advanced

primitive

In the 15th century, Italy was a united country

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

Read 1.2

Do the exercises of 1.2

The Renaissance came after the Middle Ages

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

The word Renaissance literally means

1. resolve
2. rebirth
3. reestablish
4. relive

The Renaissance was a time in which people became interested again in the Middle Ages

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

The Renaissance started in France from where it spread across Europe

1. TRUE
2. FALSE

The re-discovery of the Greek and Roman culture had great effects on the Italians:

• Memento mori (Gedenk te sterven), wordt carpe diem (Pluk de dag)

• Mensen gaan meer leven voor het leven nu, en niet voor het leven na de dood

• God en geloof blijven heel erg belangrijk, maar het vertrouwen in de kerk wordt minder

The Renaissance changed the world in many ways:

I: changing worldview

1. The Medieval motto "Memento Mori" (remember that you will die) becomes the more Roman motto: "Carpe Diem" (seize the day)
   
2. God and religion remain important, but confidence in the Church decreases.
   

Carpe Diem

Memento Mori

The re-discovery of the Greek and Roman culture had great effects on the Italians:

• Memento mori (Gedenk te sterven), wordt carpe diem (Pluk de dag)

• Mensen gaan meer leven voor het leven nu, en niet voor het leven na de dood

• God en geloof blijven heel erg belangrijk, maar het vertrouwen in de kerk wordt minder

II: changing art

1. rebirth of Greek and Roman art & culture
   
2. more realism
   
3. many details
   
4. perspective (illusion of depth)
   
5. not only Biblical subjects, but also daily life and Greek mythology
6. naked body, anatomy.

The re-discovery of the Greek and Roman culture had great effects on the Italians:

• Memento mori (Gedenk te sterven), wordt carpe diem (Pluk de dag)

• Mensen gaan meer leven voor het leven nu, en niet voor het leven na de dood

• God en geloof blijven heel erg belangrijk, maar het vertrouwen in de kerk wordt minder

III: changing architecture

1. Medieval churches were seen as "ugly". Its architecture was called "GOTHIC" (= barbaric)
   
2. New architecture was inspired by Greek, classical buildings:

•       Greek style columns
  
•       temple shapes
  
•       domes

     

Medieval (Gothic) style

Renaissance style

Roman original:

120 AD.

Renaissance copy:

 1580 AD.

W

How could this newly acquired information be spread?

Make your own summary using the main questions:

1. What is the Renaissance?
   
2. Why did the Renaissance start in Italy?
   
3. Why did the fall of Constantinople fuel the Renaissance?
   
4. How did peoples' worldview change during the Renaissance?
   
5. How did art change during the Renaissance?
   
6. How did Renaissance ideas spread across Europe?
   

congratulations

congratulations