2.2 Culture and society in the Dutch Republic

Memo havo 2 TTO
CH2. The age of regents and rulers
The Golden Age
sec. 2.2 Culture and society in the Dutch Republic
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In deze les zitten 35 slides, met interactieve quizzen, tekstslides en 2 videos.

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Memo havo 2 TTO
CH2. The age of regents and rulers
The Golden Age
sec. 2.2 Culture and society in the Dutch Republic

Slide 1 - Tekstslide

Slimste mens 2.1
1602
1621
America and Africa
Amsterdam
Asia
Baltic routes
Fall of Antwerp
spices
staple market
triangular trade
VOC
WIC
Select 3 groups of 4 words that have something in common. Write down each group of words in your notebook. You can use each word once.
timer
3:00

Slide 2 - Tekstslide

Slimste mens
1602
1621
America and Africa
Amsterdam
Asia
Baltic routes
Fall of Antwerp
spices
staple market
triangular trade
VOC
WIC
Select 3 groups of 4 words that have something in common. Write down each group of words in your notebook and explain how they are connected. You can use each word once.

Slide 3 - Tekstslide

Program
  • Recap 2.1 10 min.
  • Learning objectives 5 min.
  • 2.2.1 assignment 10 min.
  • 2.2.2 explanation 10 min. 
  • 2.2 assignment 15 min.
  • Evaluation 5 min.

Slide 4 - Tekstslide

Learning objectives
1) I can describe what society was like in the Golden Age.
2) I can use examples to explain what was typical of the culture of the Dutch Republic.
3) I can explain that there was a scientific revolution in the seventeenth century.

Slide 5 - Tekstslide

Golden Age
Period of great prosperity and flourishing in art, technology and science in the Republic between c. 1600-1700.

Holland (Amsterdam) became the centre of world trade.
  • economic prosperity
  • thriving art and science

Slide 6 - Tekstslide

2.2.1 Rich and poor
Read Rich and poor in the Golden Age p73-74
Which four social groups existed in the Republic?

1)
2)
3)
4)



Slide 7 - Tekstslide

Different social strata

  1. Small group of wealthy merchants' families (regenten)
  2. Shopkeepers and specialist craftspeople
  3. Wage labourers
  4. Poor people

Big differences in wealth, power and status.



A. Had to work hard for low pay.
B. Made smart investments and governed cities and provinces. 
C. People without permanent work, the elderly and the sick
D. Sometimes earned well and could afford to buy paintings and luxury goods.

Slide 8 - Tekstslide

2.2.1 Migrants
Different groups:

  • Refugees who fled persecution in their own country. Tolerance in the Republic.

  • Poor people and workers from other Dutch provinces or from abroad.

Slide 9 - Tekstslide

Slide 10 - Tekstslide

Slide 11 - Video

Famous Dutch painters
Prosperity led to great demand for paintings. 
Who bought art?
  • Wealthy citizens and city councils commissioned paintings (for example militia pieces).
  • Shopkeepers and craftsmen could afford paintings as well. 

Well-known painters were: Rembrandt van Rijn, Johannes Vermeer, Frans Hals and Jan Steen.

Slide 12 - Tekstslide

Famous Dutch painters
What kind of paintings were there?
  • Portraits
  • History painting (Biblical, Roman, Greek, etc.)
  • Cityscapes
  • Landscapes
  • Genre paintings (everyday life)


Special subjects: Paintings with scenes of the everyday life of ordinary people were unique at the time.

Slide 13 - Tekstslide

What doesn't match the Golden Age of the Republic?
A
Flourishing art
B
Scientific revolution
C
Growing trade and invention of steam engine
D
Growing trade and industry

Slide 14 - Quizvraag

What was so special about Dutch art of the 17th century?
A
The figures in paintings did not seem to move.
B
Only kings and nobles were depicted.
C
Topics from everyday life.
D
Topics from the Bible.

Slide 15 - Quizvraag

In the Republic wealth was shared equally among its population
A
True
B
False

Slide 16 - Quizvraag

Program
  • Recap 2.1 10 min.
  • Learning objectives 5 min.
  • 2.2.1 assignment 10 min.
  • 2.2.2 explanation 10 min. 
  • 2.2 assignment 15 min.
  • Evaluation 5 min.

Slide 17 - Tekstslide

Slide 18 - Video

Scientific Revolution

Antiquity > Natural philosophy ancient Greeks. Geocentrism (sun revolves around earth)

Middle Ages > Bible and Christianity increasingly important. According to the Bible the Earth was the creation of God and the center of the universe.

Slide 19 - Tekstslide

Scientific Revolution
16th century > New perspective on science during the Renaissance. Scholars ...
  • doubted whether some of the knowledge from old books was correct (humanism). 
  • learned because of the voyages of discovery about unknown animals, plants and peoples. 
  • would examine nature and the human body themselves. 


Between 1600 and 1700 many scientific discoveries > Scientific Revolution.

Slide 20 - Tekstslide

Scientific Revolution
The Renaissance was the first time in which scholars studied the Bible and ancient texts critically (humanism).

Economic prosperity stimulated science
  • Maritime transport made mathematical and physical
knowledge more important (maps and navigation 
instruments).
  • Trade provided knowledge about people, plants and
animals. 

 

Slide 21 - Tekstslide

Scientific Revolution

Rationalism: Research based on reasoning and logic.

Empirical thinking: Research based on observation and experiments.


Results of research led to knowledge about laws of nature (= how the world works).

Slide 22 - Tekstslide

Scientific Revolution
Galileo
Built a telescope. Found scientific evidence that the Earth revolves around the sun, heliocentrism.


Newton
Combined rationalism and empirical thinking. Discovered that the Earth pulls objects down with the force of gravity.

Slide 23 - Tekstslide

Scientific Revolution
Many scholars lived in the Republic in the 17th century. Science flourished.

  • 1575 University of Leiden founded.
  • No censorship, scientists were free to publish theories and ideas. New insights spread quickly.
  • Many foreign scholars moved to the Republic.

Slide 24 - Tekstslide

Scientific Revolution
Huygens 
Discovered that light consists of waves. Invented the pendulum clock. Designed a telescope and discovered, for example, a moon near the planet Saturn. Famous mathematician.

Van Leeuwenhoek 
Discovered microorganisms, such as sperm cells and bacteria, using a homemade microscope.

Slide 25 - Tekstslide

Scientific Revolution
Spinoza
  • Critical of Christianity/ religion, for example stories about miracles in the Bible.
  • Miracles are impossible, because for everything there should be a logical cause in nature.
  • Spinoza's ideas were unusual. Most scholars felt that their discoveries were evidence that God existed.

Slide 26 - Tekstslide

Tolerance
A way of interacting with each other with much understanding or acceptance.

Republic was calvinism (protestantism) the most important faith. People with a different religion (Roman Catholics, Jews) weren't persecuted.

Tolerance ensured that there was room for scientists and artists with different views and ideas about the world and nature.


Slide 27 - Tekstslide

When did a new view of science emerge?
A
15th century
B
16th century
C
17th century
D
18th century

Slide 28 - Quizvraag

What wasn't a cause for the new view on science?

A
Examining nature and the human body
B
Voyages of discovery
C
Using the Bible as a source for scientific knowledge
D
Doubting whether some of the knowledge from old books was correct

Slide 29 - Quizvraag

Which two ways of doing research led to the Scientific Revolution?
A
empirical thinking and the Renaissance
B
empirical thinking and rationalism
C
positivism and the Renaissance
D
positivism and rationalism

Slide 30 - Quizvraag

What wasn't a cause of science flourishing in the Republic?
A
censorship
B
arrival of foreign scholars
C
University of Leiden founded
D
tolerance

Slide 31 - Quizvraag

Wie ontdekte dat de aarde om de zon draait en niet andersom?
A
Galileo
B
Huygens
C
Newton
D
Van Leeuwenhoek

Slide 32 - Quizvraag

Who discovered micro organisms using a homemade microscope?
A
Galileo
B
Huygens
C
Newton
D
Van Leeuwenhoek

Slide 33 - Quizvraag

Most scholars in the Republic didn't believe in God anymore.
A
true
B
false

Slide 34 - Quizvraag

Get to work
What? See whiteboard.
How? Alone 
Help? Ask neighbour. Can't figure it out? Ask teacher. 
Time? Until the end of the lesson. 
Done? Learn terms and dates. Ask teacher. 

Slide 35 - Tekstslide