Passive voice

Translate these sentences

Ik drink melk elke ochtend.

(+), (-), (?)

Ik ben aan het leren voor de toets. 

(+), (-), (?)

Gister besloot Jan om een jas te kopen. 

(+), (-), (?)

Sarah en John waren in London al geweest.

Passive voice

PASSIVE VOICE

- Present Simple, Past Simple

Active and Passive voice

What is it?

Active: We say WHO did it

The teacher graded the tests.

The result: Now the students know their grades.

Passive: When we do not say who did it

The tests were graded.

The result: Now the students know their grades.

Active: We say WHO did it

Passive: We do not say WHO did it

The result in both sentences is the same!

WHY passive voice?

1. When we do not know WHO did it

My car was stolen yesterday.

2. When it does not matter WHO did it (the activity is more important than the person who did it)

The president was sworn in on a cold January morning.

3. Scientific texts
The rat was placed into a maze.

HOW do we make passive voice?

• Active voice: John woke up Jane.
  
• - 1. See who did it (person) -> John
  
• - 2. What did they do (verb) and in what TENSE -> woke up (past simple)
  
• - 3. What is the object they did it to (a thing, another person…) -> Jane
  
• HOW TO FORM THE PASSIVE VOICE:
  
• - 1. Put the object in the beginning and forget about the person -> Jane
  
• - 2. Add the verb ‘BE’ in the same tense! -> was (past simple)
  
• - 3. Put the verb from the sentence to 3th row (3e rijtje) -> woken up
  
• Passive voice: JANE WAS WOKEN UP (by John)

EXAMPLE SENTENCE

PRESENT SIMPLE PASSIVE

Active: John collects money.

1. See WHO did it: 

JOHN

2. WHAT did he DO (verb) & tense: COLLECTS (present simple!)

3. What is the OBJECT?

MONEY

------

4. Object in the beginning: Money

5. VERB be in present simple: is

6. Verb 3de rijtje: collected

Passive: Money is collected (by John). 

PAST SIMPLE PASSIVE:

Active: John collected money.

1. See WHO did it: 

JOHN

2. WHAT did he DO (verb) & tense: COLLECTED (past simple!)

3. What is the OBJECT?

MONEY

------

4. Object in the beginning: Money

5. VERB be in present simple: was

6. Verb 3de rijtje: collected

Passive: Money was collected (by John). 

PASSIVE EXERCISES

- Jamil writes letters to his grandma every week. 

- Jamil wrote a letter to his grandma yesterday. 

- He invited many guests to his party last week.

- He always invites a lot of people. 

- Jenna studies English every afternoon.

- Jenna studied for the English exam last night.  

PASSIVE EXERCISES

Put these sentences into the passive (present or past)

c) People have exported Spanish tortilla to the US.

e) You don’t find penguins at the North Pole. 

f) Columbus didn’t discover America in 1491. 

g) They have drawn some paintings. 

PASSIVE EXERCISES KEY

Put these sentences into the passive (present or past)

c) People have exported Spanish tortilla to the US. -> Spanish tortilla have been exported to the US.

e) You don’t find penguins at the North Pole. -> Penguins aren't found at the NP.

f) Columbus didn’t discover America in 1491. -> America wasn't discovered by...

g) They have drawn a painting. -> A painting has been drawn.

TOEKOMSTIGE TIJD

morgen, in 2 weken, ...

4 verschillende tijden

1. Going to Future

When: 

• it is 100% going to happen
• - Plans, predictions with evidence, intentions

Example:

• I am going to (go to) Spain in a week, I just booked my ticket.
  
• My parents aren't going to join me. They are going to Peru.

2. WILL future

When: 

• personal opinion, spontaneous decisions, offers, requests, promises etc.
  Signal words: I think, I hope, probably, I promise

Example:

• - I think she will quit her job. (think - opinion!)
• - We will probably be in another lockdown in a week (prediction, no evidence)
• - Spontaneous decisions:
• Susan: It is so heavy! 
• Mark: Here, I’ll help you.

Won't / Shall

I will buy some socks but I won't (=will not) buy any shoes!

Question with WE and I = SHALL can we used.

Shall we get some dinner?

3. Present Simple

When: 

• Timetables / schedule (dienstregeling/rooster)

Example:

• Train leaves at 10:05
• The movie begins in 20 minutes.

4. Present Continuous

When: 

• Appointments, plans at a specific time, programmed events (funeral, weddings, interview)

Example:

• I’m having my dentist appointment tomorrow morning at 10AM.
  
• I’m taking an English exam on Monday at 3PM
  
• She’s attending a wedding on Saturday.

We ........ watch a film tonight. We .... see Mr. Bean

1. will
2. 're going to
3. am going to
4. is going to

Your brother _______ study in America, right? When is he leaving?

1. is going to
2. will

I think they ______ help us. _______ we ask them?

1. won't, will
2. will, shall
3. going to, should
4. aren't going to, shall

You ..... probably ..... first prize.

1. will ... win
2. are ... going to win
3. will ... won
4. are ... going to won

He _______ (study) English for the next three years, until he finishes 6 vwo.

1. is going to
2. will be studying
3. is studying
4. will be study

I ________ (meet) my friends in the park in an hour.

1. shall be meeting
2. will be meeting
3. is meeting
4. am meeting

Charlie ________ (leave) for London tomorrow.

1. is leaving
2. will be leaving
3. was leaving
4. shall be leaving

I probably ________ (visit) my parents every weekend.

1. am visiting
2. aren't visiting
3. won't visit
4. am going to visit

FUTURE