GPW 4 - 3V - Grammar unit 6 (conditionals, passive, word order, conjunctions)

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 2

Grammar GPW 4 - 3V 

If-sentences (conditionals)

Give an example of an if-sentence

Zero Conditional

• General truths 
• if + present simple, ... present simple
  Examples:
• If you heat water to 100 degrees, it boils.
  
• If it rains, the soil gets wet

First conditional

• Possible future situations
• if + present simple, ... will + full verb
  
  Example: 
  
• If it rains tomorrow, we will go to the cinema

2nd conditional

• Unreal, improbable situations
• if + past simple, .... would + full verb 
  Example:
  - If I won the lottery, I would buy a mansion.

I ___(send) you to the principal, if you ___ (make) trouble.

If he ___ (touch) the fire, he ___ (get) burned.

It _________ (take) about 6 hours, if you _____________(go) by plane.

If you ___(freeze) water, it ___ (become) a solid.

If she __ (get) good grades, she __(go) to university.

If burglers __ (break) into my house, they ___ (not find) any money.

I ___ (quit) smoking, if I ___ (be) you.

Recap

• Real factual situations (0): if + pres. simple, pres. simple
  Example: If you heat ice, it melts
• Possible future actions (1st): if + pres. simple, will + full verb
  Example: If it rains, I will stay at home
• Unreal, improbable situations (2nd): if + past simple, would + full verb
  Example: If I won the lottery, I would buy a car.

Passive

Passive vs. active

In active:           Person/thing does the action

In passive:        Person/thing does not do anything

Examples:

I planned the party. --> The party was planned

The man is doing the dishes. --> The dishes were done.

ACTIVE= He is stealing a bike.

ACTIVE

ONDERWERP = WIE /WAT het doet staat vooraan de zin.

PASSIVE: The bike was stolen.

PASSIVE

DE ACTIE  staat vooraan. NIET wie het doet

Boys like to play soccer.

1. passive
2. active

Cricket is played in Australia.

1. passive
2. active

Make a passive:
Lots of books ... (buy) by my father every year.

1. are bought
2. is bought
3. were bought
4. have been bought

Make a passive sentence:
Lots of books ... (read) by children in 1890.

1. are read
2. is read
3. were read
4. have been read

The government is planning a new road near my house.

1. passive
2. active

Cedric ... murdered by Voldemort.

Make it passive: The government is planning a new road near my house.

The secretary writes an email

The musicians play another song

The emails are sent by the secretary now

The songs are played in a different order

Active

Passive

Make the sentence passive:
Somebody built this house in 1930.

Make a passive. Start with 'the oranges'...

Conjunctions

Why are conjunctions important?

Conjunctions are the glue that holds sentences together.

Conjunctions show the relation between different words to express much greater meaning.

Sentences without conjunctions

Same sentences with conjuctions

_____________ the alarm goes off, I hit the snooze button.

1. Because
2. As soon as
3. Before
4. Now that

________ the basement flooded, we spent all day cleaning up.

1. After
2. Although
3. Before
4. Even if

I don’t want to go to the movies ­­­_____________ I hate the smell of popcorn.

1. Although
2. Because
3. Whenever
4. So that

___________ spring arrives, we have to be prepared for more snow.

1. Although
2. Because
3. Now that
4. Until

I like sugar in my tea, _________ I don't like milk in it.

1. and
2. but
3. or
4. so

They climbed the mountain __________ it was very windy.

1. although
2. nor
3. or
4. so

_____________ Lenny was watching the planes his wife was reading in the car.

1. And
2. But
3. So
4. While

I'll text you _________ I have arrived in Toronto.

1. after
2. or
3. so
4. then