SB Unit 7 Defining and Non-defining relative clauses - Group B

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SB Unit 7 Defining and non-defining relative clauses

Programme

- Any questions on your homework?

(SB Reading & WB Vocabulary/ yesterday's self-study work)

- SB Unit 7: Grammar

Defining and non-defining relative clauses

 - Developing Vocabulary and Listening in WB

- Indeling SE Speaking

Grammar

SB. p. 86

Defining relative clauses

Exercise 1 in een sleepvraag

Refers to people

Refers to things

Refers to a possession

Refers to place

Refers to time

He's the player who has the world record for scoring most goals.

He needed the lucky shirt which he had given away.

There are players whose superstitions almost stop them from playing.

1998 was the year when France hosted the World Cup.

That wasn't the only superstition (that) the team had.

Edson Arantes do Nascimento is the player that is better known as Pelé.

He had never found the place where the fan lived.

Defining relative clauses

Defining relative clauses give essential information to define or identify the person or thing we are talking about.

Some important things to know about these clauses:

- Commas are not used in defining relative clauses.

- Who, whom and which can be replaced by that. This is very common in spoken English (example sentences e and f).

- The relative pronoun can be omitted when it is the object of the clause. This is especially common in spoken English (example sentence e).

Let's practise

• Exercises 2 and 3
• Now turn to SB p. 90
  

Non-defining relative clauses

In a non-defining clause, the information given is not essential. It tells us more about someone or something, but it does not help us to identify them or it (by the way, ...).

Some important aspects of a non-defining relative clause:

- They are always separated from the rest of the sentence by commas (brackets).

- In non-defining clauses, you can't use that instead of who, whom, which.

- You can't leave out the relative pronoun, even when it is the object of the verb in the relative clause.

Non-defining relative clause

Defining relative clause

James Naismith, who was born in Canada, was working at a YMCA school.

It needed to be a sport which would keep students fit.

The man who invented it was James Naismith.

Naismith went to Berlin, where the games took place that year.

In 1936, when Naismith was 75 years old, basketball officially became part of the Olympic Games.

Naismith was working in Massachusetts, which is really cold in the winter.

Which clauses have commas?

1. defining relative clauses
2. non-defining relative clauses

Can we omit the relative pronouns in sentences with non-defining relative clauses?

1. yes, we can
2. no, we can't

In sentence f, we cannot use 'that' because of what comes just before the relative pronoun. What comes just before it?

1. a full stop
2. a comma
3. 'Massachusetts'
4. 'winter'

Let's practise

Do exercise 2 together

WB p. 61

Developing vocabulary and listening:

Listening exercises 3, 4 and 5

Phrasal verb =
two-word phrase consisting of verb + preposition (in this case)

Magister SW

- Wednesday's programme

- Indeling SE Speaking

Get to work!

- SB p. 87 Grammar ex. 4 + 5

- SB p. 91 Grammar ex. 3 + 4