relative clauses

• Engels
• Middelbare school

Relative clauses

You can:

- recognize and use relative pronouns

- recognize and make a defining relative clause

- recognize and make a non-defining relative clause

Name an example of a
relative pronoun
(links 2 sentences)

relative clauses

Relative pronouns, link to relative clauses:

A relative pronoun is one which is used to refer to nouns mentioned previously, whether they are people, places, things, animals, or ideas. Relative pronouns can be used to join two sentences.

When relative clauses?

*To give extra information WITHOUT starting a new sentence 

Welke 'relative pronouns' zijn er?

* Who (die) - gebruikt bij mensen

That man, who has very nice hair, stole my dog!

* Which  (dat)- gebruikt bij dieren en dingen

Do you see the sheep which has black wool?

* that (die/dat) - mensen, dieren, dingen

I don't like the man that stole my dog.

* which (wat) - om te verwijzen naar een hele zin

He can't read, which surprised me.

* Whose (van wie)- om bezit aan te geven

That is the girl whose dog I've stolen.

* whom (wie/die)-  voor mensen

To whom did you give my dog?

Relative adverbs

* when - als vervanging van 'in' / 'on which' - tijd

the day when we met him

* where - als vervanging van 'in' / 'on which' - plaats

The place where we met him

* why - als vervanging van 'for which' - rede

The reason why we met him.

Wel of niet weglaten?

*Je mag relative pronouns nooit weglaten wanneer er een werkwoord achter staat.

               I told you about the woman who lives next door.

              The apple which is lying on the table is not very pleasant.

*Je mag relative pronouns wel weglaten wanneer er geen werkwoord achter staat

              The apple (which) George lay on the table is very nice.

              The car (which) the bankrobbers escaped in was green.

Komma of geen komma?

Defining relative clauses geven gedetailleerde informatie. Je gebruikt hierbij nooit een komma.

Do you know the girl who is talking to Tom? 

The boy (who) we met yesterday is very nice.

non-defining relative clauses geven extra informatie. Je gebruikt hierbij altijd een komma. Je mag hier het woord that niet gebruiken.

Do you know the girl, who is talking to Tom?

Jim, whom we met yesterday, is very nice.

Do you know the girl who is talking to Tom: 5 meisjes maar slechts 1 praat met Tom

Do you know the girl, who is talking to Tom: slechts 1 meisje

Refers to people

Refers to things

Refers to a possession

Refers to place

Refers to time

He's the player who has the world record for scoring most goals.

He needed the lucky shirt which he had given away.

There are players whose superstitions almost stop them from playing.

1998 was the year when France hosted the World Cup.

That wasn't the only superstition (that) the team had.

Edson Arantes do Nascimento is the player that is better known as Pelé.

He had never found the place where the fan lived.

Non-defining relative clause

Defining relative clause

James Naismith, who was born in Canada, was working at a YMCA school.

It needed to be a sport which would keep students fit.

The man who invented it was James Naismith.

Naismith went to Berlin, where the games took place that year.

In 1936, when Naismith was 75 years old, basketball officially became part of the Olympic Games.

Naismith was working in Massachusetts, which is really cold in the winter.

That is the woman ....
complained about the room service.

Now

Make sure you ask any questions you might have!

End-of-lesson Test questions

Which clauses have commas?

1. defining relative clauses
2. non-defining relative clauses

Is that your car? No, mine is the one .....
is parked just opposite the bank.

Relative clauses

You can:

- recognize and use relative pronouns

- recognize and make a defining relative clause

- recognize and make a non-defining relative clause

On a scale of 0 to a 100, how well do you feel you understand defining and non-defining relative clauses?

0100

Which parts would you like some extra practice/instruction for?

Homework

Extra

Practice!

Oefen het gebruik van relative pronouns, adverbs en clauses op de volgende websites.

https:

https:

https:

Defining relative clauses

Defining relative clauses geven essentiële informatie over personen of dingen waar we over praten

belangrijk:

- Je gebruikt geen komma's in defining relative clauses

- Who, whom en which kun je vervangen door it. (gesproken Engels)

- The relative pronoun mag weg wanneer het een onderwerp van een clausule is (gesproken Engels)

Non-defining relative clauses

In een non-defining clause is er geen essentiële informatie. Het vertels ons meer over iets of iemand wat eigenlijk niet nodig is. 

Belangrijk:

- Er zit altijd een komma tussen de hoofdzin en een non defining relative clause.

- In een non-defining clause, kun je geen that gebruiken, maar wel             who, whom, which.

This is the park .....
we first met. Do you remember?