Conditonals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vmbo t
• Leerjaar 3

If you add 1+1...

If it rains...

If I won the lottery...

If I had studied...

...you get 2.

...you will get wet.

...I would buy a villa.

...I would have passed the test.

If you pay attention in class, 

you will know the conditionals.

Today's goals:

1. know the different types of 'if-' sentences 

2. use the different types of 'if-' sentences

"If you add 1+1, you get 2."

This sentence tells us...

1. a possibility in the future.
2. something that is unlikely to happen.
3. a fact, something that is generally true.
4. an unreal situation in the past with a hypothetical outcome.

"If it rains, you will get wet."

This sentence tells us...

1. a possibility in the future.
2. something that is unlikely to happen.
3. a fact, something that is generally true.
4. an unreal situation in the past with a hypothetical outcome.

"If I won the lottery, I would buy a villa."

This sentence tells us...

1. a possibility in the future.
2. something that is unlikely to happen.
3. a fact, something that is generally true.
4. an unreal situation in the past with a hypothetical outcome.

"If I had studied, I would have
passed the test."
This sentence tells us...

1. a possibility in the future.
2. something that is unlikely to happen.
3. a fact, something that is generally true.
4. an unreal situation in the past with a hypothetical outcome.

We just saw the conditionals:

Conditionals are sentences that describe hypothetical and 

real scenarios, we also call them "if-clauses" because the sentence often starts with "if..." 

Why use conditionals?

Using conditionals can help you talk about your dreams, aspirations and future possibilities.

There are four types 

of conditonals:

1. The Zero Conditional

2. The First Conditional

3. The Second Conditional

4. The Third Conditional

Zero Conditional

• Why? 

For statements that are a fact or generally true

• How?

If + present tense, present tense 
If water reaches hundred degrees Celsius, water boils.

OR: Water boils if it reaches hundred degrees Celsius.

First Conditional

• Why? 

For statements that are likely to happen in the future

• How?

If + present tense, will + infinitive
If I study, I will pass.

OR: I will pass if I study

Second Conditional

• Why? 

For statements that refer to future hypothethicals that 

are unlikely to be true OR present situations that 

are untrue or impossible

• How?

If + simple past, would + infinitive
If I studied, I would pass.

OR: I would pass if I studied.

Third Conditional

• Why? 

To speculate about the past OR express an unreal situation in the past with reference to the hypothetical outcome

• How?

If + past perfect, would + have/had + past participle 
If I had studied, I would have passed.

OR: I would have passed if I had studied.

Let's check your knowledge!

"The zero conditional is used for statements
that are generally true."

1. True
2. False

Let's check your knowledge!

"If you move the "if" to the middle, you
don't remove the comma."

1. True
2. False

Let's check your knowledge!

"The first conditional is used for things that are
unlikely to happen."

1. True
2. False

Let's check your knowledge!

"The second conditional can be made by using "If" in the first part of the sentence, and "would" in the second part (or the other way around)."

1. True
2. False

Let's check your knowledge!

"The third conditional is used to express unreal situations in the past and refer to a hypothetical outome."

1. True
2. False

Time to practice!
If I saw an alien, I ____ (to take) a photo!

1. would take
2. would have taken
3. took
4. take

He'll join us to the Efteling if he _____ (not have) to work.

1. didn't have
2. wouldn't have
3. won't have
4. doesn't have

If you freeze water, it _____ (to turn) to ice.

1. will turn
2. would turn
3. turns
4. will have turned

If I hadn't charged my phone, it _____ (have) died.

1. had
2. would have had
3. would have
4. would had

Let's practice some more!
"If you ____ (not drink) enough water, you _____ (become) dehydrated."
The missing words are:

Time to practice!
"If she had _____ (to arrive) earlier, she _____ (to have) made the flight."
The missing words are:

Time to practice!
"If I _____ (to know) the answer, I _____ (will) ."
The missing words are:

Time to practice!
"If you _____ (to be) annoying, I _____ (will) tell you."
The missing words are:

“If I wasn’t a teacher, I would be a doctor. I’m not a doctor because I am not good at biology. If I had been good at biology, I could have studied medicine. I am happy to be a teacher, though I would like to travel more. If I won the lottery, I would travel all over the world!”

Your turn:

• Write a short paragraph on your dreams, aspirations and things that are (or might be) impossible, try to use the conditionals to your advantage!
• You get about 20 minutes before we discuss your stories.
• You are writing a paragraph by yourself however, you can work together to help each other.