Unit 8: Reported speech and reporting verbs

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• vwo
• Leerjaar 5

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Reported Speech recap

Revision Unit 7 + 8

Done? Study for formative test, Friday or next week?

Reported speech

Reporting what someone else said/told/claimed. 

Direct speech

Indirect speech = Reported speech

Rule no 1: Backshift

Take a step back in time

Present simple > Past simple

Jessie: "I am happy with my mark for English."

Maria: "Jessie said that she was happy with her mark for English"

Present continuous > Past continuous

Jessie: "I am going to visit my aunt."

Maria: "Jessie said that she was going to visit her aunt." 

Past simple   >   Past perfect

Jessie: "Last week I worked at McDonalds."

Maria: "Jessie said that she had worked at McDonalds the week before."

Rule no 2: make some changes

Change pronouns and references to  place and time

Jessie: "My parents and I will visit our aunt."

Maria: "Jessie said that her parents and she would visit their aunt."

Jessie: Yesterday I was at school, but today I am at home."

Maria: "Jessie said that the day before she had been at school, but  that day she was at home."

We do not change the following:

• Modal verbs: could, would, should, might, ought to and used to.
• must when it's negative.
• must when used as a logical deduction.

When must is used in order to express an opbligation is becomes: had to

Questions in reported speech

• We use a full stop, not a question mark
• We use if or whether with Yes/No questions. 
• We often use the following reporting verbs to introduce the reported questions:

ask, wonder, 

want to know, 

enquired

Be aware of negative imperatives!

Mother: Tom, don't touch this iron!

Mother warned Tom not to touch the/that iron.

Unit 7: Revision, ex. 1 - 6

Done? Unit 8: Revision, ex. 1 - 6

Study  the words (StudyGo)