Conditionals: zero, first, second and third
Conditionals: zero, first and second
Lesson duration is: 50 minItems in this lesson
Conditionals: zero, first and second
Contents
Zero conditional
First conditional
Second conditional
EXTRA: third conditional
Goals
After this lesson you...
know what conditonal sentences are
know how and when to use and form the zero, first and second conditonal apply it correctly in a sentence
know what the third conditional is and when to use it
What are conditionals?
Conditionals describe the result of a certain condition.
The if clause tells you the condition (If you study hard)
The main clause tells you the result (you will pass your exams).
The order of the clauses does not change the meaning.
If you study hard, you will pass your exams.
You will pass your exams if you study hard.
How to form a conditional?
A conditional has two parts:
1. if clause (condition)
2. main clause (result)
Conditional?
Which tenses or verb forms do you see in this story? Answer on the next slide
Water freezes, when it reaches zero degrees
If you heat the water, you will melt it again
If you heated it more, it would start to boil
It would have been tea, if it had not been an ocean
Water freezes, when it reaches zero degrees
If you heat the water, it will start to melt
If you heated it more, it would start to boil
It would have been tea, if it had not been an ocean
If -sentences (zero conditional)
Zero conditional
We use the zero conditional to talk about things that are generally true, especially for laws and rules.
Zero conditional
The structure of a zero conditional is:
1. if / when clause -> Present Simple
2.main clause -> Present Simple
Zero conditional
When the sun goes down, it gets dark.
Ice melts if you heat it
If you drink too mucht coffe, you cannot sleep at night
If you _____ a red card, you can't play in the rest of the game.
get
got
will get
Answer D
If people ___ too much, they get fat.
ate
will eat
eat
Answer D
If -sentences (first conditional)
First conditional
The first conditional is used when we talk about future situations we believe are real or possible.
First conditional
The structure of a first conditional is:
1. if clause -> Present Simple
2. main clause -> will + infinitive (whole verb)
First Conditional
If I go to bed earlier, I will not be so tired.
If you walk the dog more, it will not poop inside the house.
His parents will be really mad, if he doesn't eat his vegetables for dinner.
If you ___ now, you ___ the train.
won't leave / miss
don't leave / miss
don't leave / will miss
2Peter ___ his exams if he ___ hard.
passes / works
will pass / works
will pass / will work
Answer D
If -sentences (second conditional)
Second conditional
The second conditional is used to imagine present or future situations that are impossible or unlikely in reality, so
when things are probably NOT going to happen.
Second conditional
The structure of a second conditional is:
1. if clause -> Past Simple
2. main clause -> would + infinitive (whole verb)
Second conditional
when you use to be in an if sentence you use were instead of was
Second conditional
If I were you, I wouldn't go out with that man
If I had his number, I would call him.
She would travel all over the world if she were rich.
If I won the lottery, I would buy a big house.
If I ___ you, I ___ it.
were / wouldn't mention
was / won't mention
wouldn't was / mentioned
Answer D
He ___ more if he ___ younger.
travelled / would be
would travel / was
will travel / was
Answer D
If -sentences (third conditional)
Third conditional
The third conditional is used to imagine a different past. We imagine a change in a past situation and the different result of that change.
Third conditional
The structure of a third conditional is:
1. if clause -> Past Perfect
2. main clause -> would have + past participle (voltooid deelwoord)
Second conditional
If I had understood the instructions properly, I would have passed the exam.
We wouldn't have got lost if my phone hadn't run out of battery.
If you had trained more, you ___ so easily.
wouldn't have lost
didn't lose
hadn't lost
Answer D
We wouldn't have spent all the money if you ___ on going to that boutique.
hadn't insisted
wouldn't have insisted
didn't insist
Answer D
Goals... check?!
You now...
know what conditonal sentences are!
know how and when to use and form the zero, first and second conditonal apply it correctly in a sentence!
know what the third conditional is and when to use it!
I know what conditional sentences are!
I know how and when to use and form the zero, first and second conditonal apply it correctly in a sentence!
I know what the third conditional is and when to use it!
