conditionals

• Engels
• Middelbare school
• havo, vwo
• Leerjaar 3

Conditionals

• zero conditional
• 1st conditional
• 2nd conditional
• 3rd conditional

The goal of today's lesson:

• to know the difference between different sentences with 'if.....'
• to be able to use these sentences in different situations

00:46

If the winner is unsuccessful then

1. they will marry Fiona.
2. the first runner up will take their place.
3. Lord Farquaat will rescue Fiona.
4. Shrek will marry donkey.

01:23

If one of the soldiers kills the ogre

1. he will be named donkey.
2. he will come and live in the palace.
3. he will get a barrel of beer.
4. he will be named champion.

03:46

If Shrek goes on the quest, he will get

1. to marry Fiona.
2. to keep all the fairy-tale creatures.
3. his swamp back.
4. to kill all the fairy-tale creatures.

'If' statements - 4 kinds:

• 0: facts - If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
• 1: real or likely situations - If a soldier kills the ogre, he will be named champion.
• 2: unlikely or hypothetical situations - If I won the lottery, I would go travelling around the world.
• 3: situations that cannot be changed - If I had studied for the test, I would have passed. (But I didn't study, so I didn't pass.) 

Fact: If + present simple = > present simple

condition: If + present simple (If I win)

result: present simple
(don't eat)

Facts:   0 conditional

If you freeze water, it turns into ice.

Real/likely situation: If + present simple => will

"If you go outside in the rain, you will get wet!"

Real / likely situations: 1st conditional

condition: if + present simple (If I tell)

result: will + verb (I will get)

Unlikely situation: If + past simple = > would

Unreal / unlikely situations: 2nd conditional

condition: if + past simple (If I did)

result: would + verb (would I be)

"If I won the lottery, I would buy a new car!"

Careful: 2nd conditional 

Noteworthy exception

The form 'to be' in becomes 'were' not 'was' 

when talking about I or giving advice

"If I were you, I would talk to a teacher."

Giving advice / imagining situations:

If I were you, I would study harder.

If I were a boy (even just for one day), I would roll out of bed in the morning.......... (Beyonce)

If I were a rich man, I would live a life of luxury.

Situations that you cannot change anymore: 

If + past perfect => would + present perfect

Situations cannot be changed / past : 3rd conditional

condition: if + past perfect (If I hadn't been caught)

result: would + present perfect (I would have gotten)

"I would have left sooner if I had known."

Examples

I never would’ve hitch-hiked to Birmingham if it hadn’t been for love

I never would’ve caught the train to Louisiana if it hadn’t been for love

I never would’ve run through the blindin’ rain […] if it hadn’t been for love

I never would’ve seen the trouble that I’m in if it hadn’t been for love

I would’ve been gone like a wayward wind if it hadn’t been for love

I wouldn’t be wishing I was free if it hadn’t been for love

Summary

• 0 conditional: facts : If water reaches a 100 degrees, it boils.
• 1 cond.: real, likely situations : I will catch the bus if I run.
• 2 cond.: unreal, unlikely situations : If I were President, I would stop the war.
• 3 cond.: for situations that cannot be changed anymore, in past : He would have told them sooner if he had known they would be so happy.

do AB p. 39/ex. 25 & AB p. 76/ex 29